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AP Biology Mendel Genetics Flashcards

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8948530969CharacterA heritable feature that varies among individuals0
8948530970TraitEach variant for a character1
8948530971True-breedingOver many generations, it had produced only the same variety as the parent2
8948530972HybridizationMating of two true-breeding parents3
8948530973AlleleAlternative versions of a gene4
8948530974Law of SegregationStates that the two alleles for a heritable character separate from each other during gamete formation and end up in different gametes5
8948530975PhenotypeAn organisms appearance or observable traits6
8948530976GenotypeAn organisms genetic makeup7
8948530977TestcrossBreeding an organism of unknown genotype with a recessive homozygote8
8948530978Monohybrid CrossCross of two heterozygotes(Rr)9
8948530979Dihybrid CrossA cross between two individuals, concentrating on two definable traits10
8948530980Law of Independent AssortmentStates that each pair of alleles segregates independently of each other pair of alleles during gamete formation11
8948530981Multiplication RuleStates that to determine the probability, we multiple the probability of one event by the probability of the other event12
8948530982Addition RuleStates that the probability that any one of two or more mutually exclusive events will occur is calculated by adding their individual probabilities13
8948530983Complete dominanceThe offspring always looked like one of the two parental variety because one allele in the pair showed __________14
8948530984Incomplete dominanceThree or more potential varieties from crossing tow parents15
8948530985Co-dominanceTwo alleles each affect the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways16
8948530986PleiotropyMost genes have multiple phenotypic effects called...17
8948530987Epistasisthe phenotypic expression of a gene a one locus alters that of a gene at a second locus18
8948530988Polygenic InheritanceAn additive effect of two or more genes on a single phenotypic character19
8948530989CarrierHeterozygous person can transmit the recessive allele to their offspring without themselves having the trait20

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