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AP Biology Mitosis Flashcards

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9424347761AnaphaseThe homologous chromosomes repel each other and move towards opposite poles and the kinetochore fibers shorten0
9424347762Binary FissionThe process of an organism duplicating its genetic material and splitting in two1
9424347763Cell PlateCytokinesis in plants2
9424347764CentriolesAn organelle near the nucleus in animal cells; splits into two during interphase of the cell cycle3
9424347765CentromereThe point where the chromosomes is attached to the spindle fiber during cell division4
9424347766ChromatinLong, thin fiber that is folded and coiled to form the chromosome5
9424347767ChromosomesThreadlike structures composed of DNA and protein6
9424347768CytokinesisDivision of the cytoplasm into two separate cells7
9424347769Cleavage FurrowCytokinesis in animals8
9424347770GametesA mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote9
9424347771GenomeThe total amount of DNA unique to each species10
9424347772G0 PhaseResting stage; neither growing or dividing11
9424347773G1 PhaseCell grows12
9424347774G2 PhaseCentrioles replicate, and cell prepares for division13
9424347775Growth FactorsStimulate the cell to divide and grow14
9424347776InterphaseTakes up 90% of the cell cycle; prepares the cell for division and allows the cell to grow15
9424347777KinetochoreDisc-shaped structure on a chromatid where the microtubules attach16
9424347778MetaphaseChromosomes line up at the equator; and the kinetochore microtubules attach to the chromosome17
9424347779Metaphase PlateWhere all the chromosomes line up during the third phase18
9424347780MicrofilamentsA small rodlike structure that is present in the cytoplasm in many eukaryotic cells19
9424347781MicrotubulesA microscopic tubular structure present in numbers in the cytoplasm of cells20
9424347782MitosisNuclear division; replicated chromosomes are divided into two genetically identical daughter cells of parent21
9424347783Nuclear MembraneThe membrane that surrounds the nucleus in a cell22
9424347784ProphaseCentrioles move to opposite sides; chromatin thickens; nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear; chromosomes shorten and thicken and turn into sister chromatin23
9424347785S PhaseSynthesizes DNA24
9424347786Somatic CellsReplicate by mitosis; autosomes (body cells)25
9424347787TelophaseChromosomes uncoil into chromatin; nucleus, nucleolus, and nuclear membrane come back; cytoplasm starts to divide26
9424347788Contact InhibitionDensity of the cell poplulation27

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