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AP Biology Natural Selection Flashcards

This set covers the most essential topics related to the biological process of natural selection as covered in AP Biology.

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9458297460EvolutionThe biological process by which the gene pool of an organism is changed.0
9458297461Gene PoolThe amalgamation of all alleles in a population.1
9458297462AlleleA variation of a gene.2
9458297463Hardy-Weinberg EquilibriumTheoretically, the gene pool should remain static as long as none of the conditions of _______________ are violated.3
9458297464Large population size, random mating, lack of mutations, lack of migration, no selectionThe five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.4
9458297465Natural SelectionThe biological process by which organisms thrive or die off based on having preferential or non-preferential genotypes, either through natural or human-induced means.5
9458297466GenotypeA specific organism's collection of genes.6
9458297467Differential Reproductive SuccessThe concept that organisms with higher fitness will reproduce more, and therefore be considered more successful than organisms with lower fitness.7
9458297468FitnessHow suited or preferential an organism's genotype is to its natural environment.8
9458297469EnvironmentThe surroundings/conditions in which a biotic organism exists.9
9458297470AdaptationA trait of an organism that is maintained and acquired through the means of natural selection.10
9458297471Charles DarwinNatural selection is commonly believed to have been first discovered by _______________.11
9458297472MutationA permanent modification of the DNA sequence which composes a gene, altering the sequence in reference to the gene pool of a species.12
9458297473MigrationA seasonal movement of an entire population of animals from one region to another.13
9458297474The equation p² + 2pq + q²=1 is the equation for ______________, with p and q representing the frequencies of the __________ and __________ alleles respectively.Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, dominant, recessive.14

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