Terms : Hide Images
| 9830380398 | neuron | main cell of the nervous system |  | 0 |
| 9830380399 | glial cells | cells that support neurons (ex: Schwann cells) |  | 1 |
| 9830380400 | cell body | contains nucleus of the neuron |  | 2 |
| 9830380401 | dendrite | receive stimuli; highly branched extensions |  | 3 |
| 9830380402 | axon | conduct and propagate impulses |  | 4 |
| 9830380405 | sensory neuron | pick up stimuli from the environment and send to the brain |  | 5 |
| 9830380406 | motor neuron | sends impulses to muscles to create movement |  | 6 |
| 9830380407 | interneuron | neurons in the CNS that communicate internally and connect sensory to motor neurons; are responsible for reflexes |  | 7 |
| 9830380408 | resting potential | membrane potential of a neuron that is not firing, -70 mV |  | 8 |
| 9830380409 | sodium-potassium pump | protein that uses active transport to move 3 Na out of the membrane and 2 K in, which resets the neuron to resting potential | 9 | |
| 9830380410 | action potential | rapid change in the voltage between the membrane of a neuron in response to a stimulus | 10 | |
| 9830380411 | threshold | the voltage needed to open the voltage gated Na channels and start the unstoppable flow of Na into the cell, -55 mV | 11 | |
| 9830380412 | depolarization | the massive influx of Na causes the cell's voltage to become less negative, all the way up to 35 mV | 12 | |
| 9830380413 | repolarization | Na channels close and K channels open, which allows K out of cell so the cell is more negative | 13 | |
| 9830380414 | hyperpolarization | because K channels are slow to close, the voltage reaches -80 mV, and causes the Na/K pump to reset the neuron | 14 | |
| 9830380415 | refractory period | period where the neuron resets using the Na/K pump before a neuron can be fired again | 15 | |
| 9830380416 | synapse | transmission of information is from one neuron to the next |  | 16 |
| 9830380417 | neurotransmitter | molecule that neurons use in synaptic transmission |  | 17 |
| 9830380418 | synaptic vesicle | hold the neurotransmitters in the presynaptic neuron |  | 18 |
| 9830380421 | myelin sheath | insulates the axon and speeds transmission of the impulse | 19 | |
| 9830380427 | ion-gated channels | proteins responsible for allowing sodium or potassium to diffuse into or out of the axon | 20 | |
| 9830380428 | sodium | ion responsible for depolarization | 21 | |
| 9830380429 | potassium | ion responsible for repolarization | 22 | |
| 9830380430 | calcium | ion that signals vesicles to release neurotransmitters | 23 | |
| 9830465087 | K+ channels close and Na+ channels reset | 24 |
