AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

AP Biology- Organelles Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
10477212290Cell MembraneFound in all cells, a membrane enclosing the cell and used for support, protection, and controls the movement of materials in and out out of the cell. Made of a phospholipid bilayer.0
10477212291Cell WallFound in Plants, Fungi, and Bacteria. It is the outer layer of the cell that maintains the cell's shape and protects the cell. Made primarily of cellulose.1
10477212292NucleusFound in all cells except prokaryotic cells. It is a membrane bound structure that controls the cell's hereditary info and controls the cells growth and reproduction.2
10477212293Chromatin/ ChromosomesFound in plants and animals. Material consisting of DNA and proteins; visible ad individual chromosomes in a dividing cell. Makes organisms what they are.3
10477212294NucleolusNonmembranous organelle involved in the production of ribosomes; the nucleus may have one or more nucleoli.4
10477212295Nuclear EnvelopeFound in all cells except prokaryotic cells. It is a double membrane enclosing the nucleus and is perforated with pores. It controls the movement of materials in and out of cells.5
10477212296CytoskeletonFound in all cells, reinforces the cell's shape. Functions in cell movement; Made of protein. Includes -> microfilaments, intermediate Filaments, microtubules. Moves organelles within cells.6
10477212297MicrotubulesFound in all eukaryotic cells; component of cytoskeleton found throughout cytoplasm. Helps support and shape the cell and is the route along which organelles move. A component of cilia and flagella.7
10477212298Microfilaments(Actin filaments) Found in all eukaryotic Cells. The thinnest filaments of cytoskeleton found in cytoplasm. Works with microtubules to form structure that allows cells to hold shape, move itself, and move its organelles.8
10477212299RibosomesFound in all cells. Complexes that make proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough ER or nuclear envelope.9
10477212300Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum(RER) All cells except prokaryotes; looks like sheets or disks; important in synthesis and packing proteins; ribosomes attached to membrane (makes it rough); attached to nuclear envelope, move a molecule through both membranes. Function: packages and transport all proteins.10
10477212301Smooth Endoplasmic ReticulumFound in all eukaryotic cells ; storage organelle, creates lipids and steroids then stores them11
10477212302Golgi ApparatusFound in eukaryotic cells ; organelle active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell products; have cis and trans face; modifies proteins made by cell.12
10477212303LysosomesFound in animals, digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed. Breaks down waste and cellular debris. Digest excess older organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.13
10477212304VacuolesFound in plants (1 large permanent vacuole with tonoplast) and found in animals (many small vacuoles); prominent organelle in older plant cell; functions include storage, breakdown of waste products, hydrolysis of macromolecules, enlargement of vacuole is a major mechanism of plant growth; large containers; contains cellular waste and isolate materials harmful to cell.14
10477212305ChloroplastsIn plants and algae; photosynthetic organelle; converts energy of sunlight into chemical energy stored in sugar molecules; sight of aerobic cellular respiration; breaks done sugar (glucose) to release energy.15
10477212306MitochondriaFound in all cells except prokaryotic cells; organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP in generated. Use sun's energy to make glucose, photosynthesis, releases oxygen.16
10477212307PeroxisomeFound in nearly all eukaryotic cells; organelles with various specialize metabolic functions; produces hydrogen peroxide as a by-product that converts it into water.17
10477212308CytosolFound in all cells. Inner fluid portion of the cell that makes up cytoplasm along with organelles and other nutrients. No single function18
10477212309VesicleA membranous sac in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell.19
10477212310FlagellaA long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion, formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules, ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.20
10477212311Ciliashort structures projecting from a cell and containing bundles of microtubules that move a cell through its surroundings or move fluid over the cell's surface21
10477212312NucleoidNon-membrane bound area of a prokaryotic cell where its chromosome is located22
10477248306Centriolesa minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.23
10477267838Intermediate FilamentsCytoskeletal filaments with a diameter in between that of the microtubule and the microfilament. Intermediate filaments are composed of many different proteins and tend to play structural roles in cells.24

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!