Chapter 10 Vocabulary for AP Biology
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| 5760170575 | Chlorophyll | Green Pigment Main photosynthetic pigmnet Absorbs primarily violet-blue and red wavelengths |  | 0 |
| 5760170576 | Thylakoids | dense interconnected membranous sacs |  | 1 |
| 5760170577 | Grana | stacks of thylakoid | 2 | |
| 5760170578 | Granum | singular of grana | 3 | |
| 5760170579 | Chloroplast | sites of photosynthesis | 4 | |
| 5760170580 | Photosynthesis | conversion of light energy into chemical energy stored in sugar and other organic molecules |  | 5 |
| 5760170581 | Photosynthesis Equation | 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light --> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 | 6 | |
| 5760170582 | Carbon Dioxide | source of carbon and is considered inorganic carbon | 7 | |
| 5760170583 | Electromagnetic Spectrum | Electromagnetic Energy which travels in waves |  | 8 |
| 5760170584 | Colors | Light we see is reflected off objects and light we dont see is absorbed by objects | 9 | |
| 5760170585 | White | All colors reflected | 10 | |
| 5760170586 | Black | All colors absorbed | 11 | |
| 5760170587 | Chlorophyll a | main photosynthetic green pigment, absorbs primarily violet-blue and red wavelengths | 12 | |
| 5760170588 | Pigment | a molecule that absorbs wavelengths in the visible light spectrum | 13 | |
| 5760170589 | Carotenoid | absorbs blue and blue-green wavelengths Beta-Carotene; gives materials an orange color | 14 | |
| 5760170590 | Light Reactions | Occur in thylakoid membrane and are also called light dependent reactions | 15 | |
| 5760170591 | Photophosphorylation | Light is captured by pigments and used to convert ADP + Pi into ATP | 16 | |
| 5760170592 | Photosystem | Consists of a reaction-center complex surrounded by light-harvesting complexes | 17 | |
| 5760170593 | Light-Harvesting Complex | Contains chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids (within the photosystem) | 18 | |
| 5760170594 | Photosystem 1 | Has P700 chlorophyll a in reaction-center complex |  | 19 |
| 5760170595 | Photosystem 2 | Has P680 chlorophyll a in reaction-center complex | 20 | |
| 5760170596 | Cytochrome | Iron-containing carrier protein also found in mitochondrial electron transport (specific name of ETC protein) | 21 | |
| 5760170597 | Calvin Cycle | Light-Independent reactions Occurs in stoma, does not use light directly |  | 22 |
| 5760170598 | Rubisco | The most abundant protein on Earth Carbon Fixation is catalyzed by Rubisco | 23 | |
| 5760170599 | Reduction | The carbon molecules made in Carbon Fixation are reduced into to G3P that can be used to make glucose or perform other processes | 24 | |
| 5760170600 | 1 Cycle of Calvin Cycle | 1 CO2 is fixed 3 ATP are used 2 NADPH are used 1 RuBP is regenerated 6 cycles needed to make 1 glucose molecule | 25 | |
| 5760170601 | C4 Photosynthesis | A method that bypasses photorespiration Happens in corn, sugarcane, and other plants in hot, dry environments Moves from mesophyll to bundle-sheath cells | 26 | |
| 5760170602 | C3 Plant | Calvin cycle, taking in carbon dioxide through the leaves' minuscule pores, called stomata. An enzyme called RuBisCO helps the carbon dioxide combine with sugar. |  | 27 |
