Vocab for Semester 1 Final
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| 1070891660 | Anabolic | A process in which large molecules are built from small molecules | 0 | |
| 1070891661 | Archaea | Domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls that do not contain peptidoglycan | 1 | |
| 1070891662 | Bacteria | Domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing peptidoglycan | 2 | |
| 1070891663 | Biology | Study of life | 3 | |
| 1070891664 | Biosphere | All the parts of the planet that are inhabited by living things; sum of all Earth's ecosystems | 4 | |
| 1070891665 | Carbohydrates | Class of organic compounds containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (ex. sugars, chitin, cellulose) | 5 | |
| 1070891666 | Catabolic | A process in which large molecules are broken down | 6 | |
| 1070891667 | Catalyst | something that brings about a change in something else | 7 | |
| 1070891668 | Cellular respiration | Chemical process where mitochondria break down food molecules to produce ATP, the three stages are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. | 8 | |
| 1070891669 | Chromatin | Unwound clusters of DNA and proteins in the nucleus of a cell | 9 | |
| 1070891670 | Chromosome | Condensed bodies within the nucleus made in DNA and proteins called histones | 10 | |
| 1070891671 | Covalent Bond | A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule | 11 | |
| 1070891672 | Crossing-over | Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis | 12 | |
| 1070891673 | Development | Change in the structure or function of an organism over time | 13 | |
| 1070891674 | Diffusion | Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. | 14 | |
| 1070891676 | Diploid | (genetics) an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number | 15 | |
| 1070891677 | DNA | A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins. | 16 | |
| 1070891679 | Dominant | Describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait. | 17 | |
| 1070891681 | Dynamic equilibrium | Result of diffusion where there is continuous movement of particles but no overall change in concentration | 18 | |
| 1070891683 | Electronegativity | A measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons | 19 | |
| 1070891685 | Enzyme | A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing | 20 | |
| 1070891687 | Eukaryotic | A cell characterized by the presence of a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotes can be unicellular (protists) or multicellular (fungi, plants and animals). | 21 | |
| 1070891688 | Evolution | Change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms. | 22 | |
| 1070891689 | Free energy | Energy that is available to do work | 23 | |
| 1070891690 | Function | Task performed by a biological component | 24 | |
| 1070891691 | /\ G | Change in free energy in a chemical equation | 25 | |
| 1070891692 | Gametes | A haploid cell such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote. | 26 | |
| 1070891693 | Gene | (genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain | 27 | |
| 1070891694 | Gene expression | conversion of the information encoded in a gene first into messenger RNA and then to a protein | 28 | |
| 1070891695 | Genetic engineering | A technology that includes the process of manipulating or altering the genetic material of a cell resulting in desirable functions or outcomes that would not occur naturally. | 29 | |
| 1070891696 | Genotype | Genetic makeup of an organism | 30 | |
| 1070891697 | Glycolysis | A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body in the form of ATP | 31 | |
| 1070891698 | Haploid | (genetics) an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes | 32 | |
| 1070891699 | Heterozygous | An organism that has two different alleles for a trait | 33 | |
| 1070891700 | Homozygous | An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait | 34 | |
| 1070891701 | Hydrogen bond | Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom. | 35 | |
| 1070891702 | Hypothesis | A scientific explanation for a set of observations that can be tested in ways that support or reject it. | 36 | |
| 1070891703 | Ionic Bond | A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions. | 37 | |
| 1070891704 | Lipids | A group of organic compounds composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen including a proportionately smaller amount of oxygen; are insoluble in water, serve as a source of stored energy, and are a component of cell membranes. | 38 | |
| 1070891705 | Meiosis | Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms | 39 | |
| 1070891706 | Mitosis | Cell's division (PMAT) of the nucleus. Final product is 2 cells that are exactly like the parent cell. | 40 | |
| 1070891707 | Mutation | A change in a gene or chromosome; the original source of all genetic variation on Earth | 41 | |
| 1070891708 | Nucleic acids | Class of biological polymers that includes DNA and RNA. | 42 | |
| 1070891709 | Organic | Complex molecules produced by living things which contain Carbon | 43 | |
| 1070891710 | Osmosis | Diffusion of water | 44 | |
| 1070891711 | Phenotype | An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits. | 45 | |
| 1070891712 | Photosynthesis | Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars | 46 | |
| 1070891713 | Prokaryotic | An organism whose cells do not have an enclosed nucleus, such as bacteria. | 47 | |
| 1070891714 | Proteins | Macromolecules that contain nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen; composed of polymers of amino acids | 48 | |
| 1070891715 | Qualitative | Data in the form of words | 49 | |
| 1070891716 | Quantitative | Data that is in numbers | 50 | |
| 1070891717 | Recessive | An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present | 51 | |
| 1070891718 | RNA | A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U); usually single-stranded; functions in protein synthesis and as the genome of some viruses. | 52 | |
| 1070891719 | Selectively permeable | A property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot | 53 | |
| 1070891720 | Specific heat | The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree celcius | 54 | |
| 1070891721 | Structure | The shape of an atom, molecule, cell, or organ that is directly connected to its function | 55 | |
| 1070891722 | Synapsis | Pairing of homologus chromosomes in a diploid cell, as occurs during prophase I of meiosis. | 56 | |
| 1070891723 | Theory | A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data | 57 | |
| 1070891724 | Transcription | (genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA | 58 | |
| 1070891725 | Transduction | Second step of a homeostatic pathway that connects the signal reception to cellular response | 59 | |
| 1070891726 | Valence | Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom | 60 | |
| 1070891727 | Virus | A microorganism smaller than the smallest bacterium that has no cellular structure and can cause infectious disease | 61 |
