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AP Biology Summer Vocab Flashcards

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14368969354abiotic factora non-living component of the environment ex: climate, soil, sunlight0
14368984746biotic factorliving components of an ecosystem ex: plants, micro-organisms, predators1
14368999079resourcea substance or object in the environment required by an organism for normal growth, maintenance, and reproduction ex (plants): sunlight, water, nutrients, space to grow ex (animals): food, water, territory2
14369021244rain shadowdry area on the downwind side of a mountain3
14369049400disturbancea temporary event that changes a community and alters resource availability ex: storm, fire, flood, tree cutting4
14369076800terrestrial biomean area of land with a similar climate that includes similar communities of plants and animals5
14369147988aquatic biomeincludes all aquatic ecosystems on the earth's surface either in a freshwater or marine biome6
14369164006dispersion patternsUniform Dispersion pattern: individuals are evenly spaced Clumped Dispersion pattern: individuals are clustered together Random Dispersion pattern: individuals are randomly arranged7
14369192335competitionthe struggle between organisms or species for the same resource within an environment8
14369209103nichethe role or position a species or organism has in its environment; includes all of its interaction with the biotic and abiotic factor in the environment9
14369269134cryptic colorationtype of coloration or marking of an animal that aids in camouflaging in its natural environment ex: stripes on a zebra or tiger or spots on a frog10
14369300323aposematic colorationconspicuously recognizable markings of an animal that are to warn potential predators of the nuisance or harm that would come from attacking or eating it11
14369362693batesian mimicrya harmless species mimics a harmful one12
14369373790parasitismA relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed13
14369376799mutualismA relationship between two species in which both species benefit14
14369380006commensalismA relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected15
14369492727invasive speciesplants and animals that have migrated to places where they are not native16
14369497936keystone speciesA species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem17
14369648640primary successionoccurs in lifeless areas; regions where the soil is incapable of sustaining life18
14369668295secondary successiona process started by an event that reduces an already established ecosystem to a smaller population of species19
14369709669disease vectorany agent (person, animal, or microorganism) that carries and transmits an infectious pathogen into another living organism20
14369714419food chaina hierarchical series of organisms on the next as a source of food21
14369737531primary producersorganisms that can synthesize their own food22
14369751164primary consumerorganisms that only feed on plants23
14369754880tertiary consumerorganism that eats both producers and consumers; omnivores24
14369785937decomposersorganisms that break down dead or decaying organisms25
14369848409biodiversityvariety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem26
14369856317habitat lossthe process where natural habitat is changed or destroyed, making it unable for species that live there to remain in the habitat27
14369863938habitat fragmentationBreakup of a habitat into smaller pieces, usually as a result of human activities.28
14369889592secondary consumerorganisms that eat primary consumers29

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