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AP Biology Unit 4.3 - DNA Replication Flashcards

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9291684386DNA ReplicationThe process in which DNA makes a duplicate copy of itself.0
9291684387HelicaseAn enzyme that unwinds the double helix of DNA and separates the DNA strands in preparation for DNA replication.1
9291684388DNA PolymeraseEnzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual complementary nucleotides to produce a duplicated DNA molecule.2
9291684389Semi-Conservative ReplicationIn each new DNA double helix, one strand is from the original molecule, and one strand is new.3
92917221225'End of a new DNA strand that is formed first during replication.4
92917221233'In transcription, nucleotides are always added to the _____end of the elongating strand.5
9291738933Replication BubbleRegion of DNA, in front of the replication fork, where helicase has unwound the double helix6
9291753249DNA PrimaseSynthesizes a short RNA primer to allow DNA Polymerase to begin during replication7
9291759606DNA LigaseEnzyme that eventually joins the sugar-phosphate backbones of the Okazaki fragments8
9291763188Leading StrandThe DNA strand that is synthesized continuously during replication9
9291765914Lagging StrandIn DNA replication, the daughter strand that is synthesized in discontinuous stretches called Okazaki fragments10
9291775658Okazaki FragmentsRelatively short fragment of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.11
9291778295Mismatch RepairEnzymes remove and replace incorrectly paired nucleotides that have resulted from replication errors12
9291782089Nucleotide Excision RepairA nuclease cuts out and replaces damaged stretches of DNA; can be used to fix mutations13

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