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AP BIOLOGY(Genetics) Flashcards

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8517291381bacteriaphagesviruses that infect bacteria0
8517302338NucleotidesThe monomer of nucleic acids (Nitrogenous bases)1
8517303554Nitrogenous basesAdenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine2
8517308593covalent bondsthe bonds that hold together nucleotides3
8517310942sugar groups5 carbon atoms (carbon atoms are bonded with hydrogen atoms)4
8517309480Phosphate groupshas a p atom and 4 oxygen atoms5
8517315168Pyrimindines(single ringed base) Cytosine, and Thymine6
8517316018Purines(double ringed base) Adenine, and Guanine "Pure as Gold"7
8615293696cell divisionthe way cell undergo reproduction.8
8615312744Prokaryotesthey reproduce through asexual reproduction.9
8615318388EukaryotesUndergoes sexual reproduction.10
8615320134sexual reproductionrequires the fusion of gametes (sperm and egg) with the use of reproductive organs such as the testes and ovaries. Each gamete has exactly half the necessary chromosomes to make for a specific eukaryotic offspring.(I.E humans, 23 chromosomes egg, 23 chromosomes sperm.)11
8615363679Gametessperm( male sex cell) and egg or ovum (female sex cell)12
8615380688Asexual Reproductionthe creation of a genetically identical offspring and it requires only one parent.13
8615440650Mitosismaintains cell population in multicellular organisms and is responsible for asexual reproduction.14
8615446257Binary FissionHow mitosis works within asexual reproduction Steps to binary fission 1) Duplication of chromosomes and the separation of copies 2)Continued elongation of the cell and movement of the copies 3)Division into two daughter cells (sister chromatids separate15
8615492154Chromatinentire complex consisting of equal amounts of RNA and protein16
8615504330Sister Chromatidjoined copies of an original chromosome they are attached together by proteins in a region known as the centromere.17
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