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AP BOY Moriconi Syntax Flashcards

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4785137497syntaxin grammar, the arrangement of words as elements in a sentence to show their relationship.0
4785140407spatial orderingorganization of information using spatial cues such as top to bottom, left to right, etc.1
4785142805.rhetorical questiona question asked for rhetorical effect to emphasize a point, no answer being expected; e.g. "Robert, is this any way to speak to your mother?"2
4785145295periodic sentencea sentence written so that the full meaning cannot be understood until the end; e.g. Across the stream, beyond the clearing, from behind a fallen tree, the lion emerged.3
4785149454parallelismusing the same part of speech or syntactic structure in (1) each element of a series, (2) before and after coordinating conjunctions (and, but, yet, or, for, nor), and (3) after each of a pair of correlative conjunctions (not only...but also, neither...nor, both...and, etc.). Below are examples for definitions (1) and (3): (1) Over the hill, through the woods, and to grandmother's house we go. (3) That vegetable is both rich in vitamins and low in calories.4
4785155241litotesa figure in which an affirmative is expressed by a negation of the contrary. A "citizen of no mean city" is, therefore, "a citizen of an important or famous city."5
4785159924inverted syntaxreversing the normal word order of a sentence; e.g. "Whose woods these are I think I know." Robert Frost6
4785165012ellipsis1. In grammar, the omission of a word or words necessary for complete construction but understood in context. E.g. "If (it is) possible, (you) come early." 2. The sign (...) that something has been left out of a quotation. "To be or not...that is the question."7
4785182954enumerationDetailing parts, causes, effects, or consequences to make a point more forcibly8
4785187477climaxArranging words, clauses, or sentences in the order of increasing importance, weight, or emphasis.9
4785191052polysyndetonUse of a conjunction between each word, phrase, or clause for amplifying the effect.10
4785199320epithetAn adjective or adjective phrase appropriately qualifying a subject by naming a key or important characteristic of the subject11
4785211751hypophoraRaising one or more questions and then proceeding to answer them, usually at some length12
4785215622asyndetonOmitting conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses13
4785215623apostropheAn interruption in the discussion and addresses directly a person or personified thing either present or absent14
4785217167antithesisEstablishes a clear, contrasting relationship between two ideas by joining them together or juxtaposing them, often in a parallel structure15
4785217948anaphoraThe repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of successive phrases16
4785217949amplificationRepeating a word or expression while adding more detail to it, in order to emphasize a word or idea to make sure the reader sees its importance17
4785219743zeugmaLinking a series of ideas with two or more parts of speech; i.e. one subject with two or more verbs, a verb with two or more direct objects18
4785219744expletiveA single word or short phrase, usually interrupting syntax to lend emphasis to the words immediately proximate to the single word or short phrase.19
4785228144parenthesisA word, phrase, or whole sentence inserted as an aside in the middle of another sentence. Interruption to introduce a new idea20
4785252561juxtapositionUnassociated ideas, words and phrases are placed next to one another to surprise or disrupt your association.21
4785252562subordinationWhen one idea is made a dependent clause to an independent clause (while, although, since, etc.)22
4785255161loose sentenceMaking sense before the ending23
4785269480telegraphic sentenceA sentence shorter than 5 words.24
4785272345balanced sentenceStructure similarities between sentences or parts of sentences—repeated structure25

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