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AP Chapter 2 Population Flashcards

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5042928571Population ClustersSouth Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Europe0
5042928572Sparsely Populated RegionsLands that are too wet, too dry, too cold, too mountainous.1
5042928573EcumeneThe portion of earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement.2
5042928574Arithmetic DensityThe total number of people divided by the total land area.3
5042928575Physiological DensityThe number of people per unit of area of arable land.4
5042928576Agricultural DensityThe ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.5
5042928577Carrying CapacityThe amount of people that an area can support.6
5042928578CohortA population group unified by a specific common characteristic, such as age, and subsequently treated as a statistical unit.7
5042928579CartogramA type of thematic maps that transforms space such that the political unit with the greatest value for some type of data is represented by the largest relative area8
5042928580OverpopulationA value judgement based on the notion that the resources of a particular area are not great enough to support that area's current population.9
5042928581CensusA periodic and official count of a country's population.10
5042928582Crude Birth RateThe total number of live births per 1,000 people per year.11
5042928583Crude Death RateThe total number of deaths per 1,000 people per year.12
5042928584Natural Increase RateCBR - CDR13
5042928585Doubling TimeThe number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.14
5042928586Total Fertility RateThe number of children the average woman will bear during her lifetime. This is an average.15
5042928587Infant Mortality RateThe annual number of deaths of infants under one year of age, compared with total live births.16
5042928588Life ExpectancyThe average number of years an individual can be expected to live.17
5042928589Population PyramidsVisual representations of the age and sex composition of a population whereby the percentage of each age group is represented by a horizontal bar the length of which represents its relationship to the total population.18
5042928590Dependency RatioThe number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64, compared to the number of people active in the labor force.19
5042928591Sex RatioThe ratio of men to women.20
5042928592Demographic Transition ModelA sequence of demographic changes in which a country moves from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates through time.21
5042928593Health/Medical RevolutionMedical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives. Allowed for the 2nd stage of demographic transition to occur in these areas around 1950.22
5042928594ContraceptiveContraception birth control by the use of devices (diaphragm or intrauterine device or condom) or drugs or surgery23
5042928595Family Planning ProgramsContraception birth control by the use of devices (diaphragm or intrauterine device or condom) or drugs or surgery24
5042928596Malthus TheoryPopulation grows geometrically while food grows arithmetically. Which will lead to a disaster25
5042928597SterilizationThe removal of all microorganisms and other pathogens from an object or surface by treating it with chemicals or subjecting it to high heat or radiation.26
5042928598One Child PolicyAct in China that allows people to have only 1 child in the city and 2 children (if the first child is a girl or ethnic minority) in the countryside. Created in 1980.27
5042928599GendercideThe systematic killing of members of a specific sex.28
5042928600DemographyThe scientific study of population characteristics.29
5042928601Zero Population GrowthA decline of the total fertility rate to the point (around 2.1) where the natural increase rate equals zero over the long term.30
5042928602Demographic MomentumThe tendency for growing population to continue growing after a fertility decline because of their young age distribution.31
5042928603Anti-natalist Population PolicyThe aim of anti-natalist policies is to decrease the total fertility rate, as well as the crude birth rate, in order to slow the population growth32
5042928604Pro-natalist Population PolicyA belief that promotes human reproduction.33
5042928605Cornucopian TheoryEarth has an abundance of resources; can never be used up.34
5042928606J CurveThe shape of a line graph of population graph when growth is exponential.35
5042928607S CurveS-curve traces the cyclical movement upwards and downwards in a graph. So named for its shape as the letter "s".36
5042928608Neo MalthusiansContemporary researchers who worry about the rapid pace of population growth.37

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