9218760254 | Assembly of Religious Experts | 86 man assembly of clerics elected directly by the people; broad constitutional interpretation responsibility; selects the Supreme Leader; has the right to dismiss Supreme Leader; must have a seminary degree | 0 | |
9218760255 | Ayatollah | Supreme leader of Iran; following the revolution, Khomeini became the country's Supreme Leader, a position created in the constitution as the highest ranking political and religious authority of the nation. | 1 | |
9218760258 | Farsi | the language and people group of Iran, also often called Persian | 2 | |
9218760259 | Fundamentalism | Religious beliefs of a literal nature that often lead to right-wing political views. | 3 | |
9218760261 | Hezbollah | A radical Shiʿite Muslim organization in Lebanon engaged in guerrilla warfare against Israel; have strong ties to Iran | 4 | |
9218760263 | Imam | Prayer leaders in mosques | 5 | |
9218760264 | Jihad | Literally "struggle"; although often used to mean armed struggle against unbelievers, most commonly means spiritual struggle for self-improvement. | 6 | |
9218760265 | Jurist's guardianship | Developed by Ayatollah Khomeini, supports the notion that senior clerics have the best capacity to rule in a Muslim society; Iranian clergy should rule on the grounds that they are the divinely appointed guardians of both the law and the people | 7 | |
9218760266 | Majles | Arabic term for "assembly"; used in Iran to describe the parliament. | 8 | |
9218760267 | Mosque | Muslim place of worship, equivalent to a church, temple, or synagogue. | ![]() | 9 |
9218760268 | OPEC | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; Founded in 1960 by Iran, Venezuela, and Saudi Arabia, it now includes most oil-exporting states with the notable exceptions of Mexico and former members of the Soviet Union. It tries to regulate prices by regulating production. | 10 | |
9218760269 | Pahlavis | Leaders of the dynasty of the shahs, favored westernization | 11 | |
9218760271 | People of the Book | The Muslim term for recognized religious minorities, such as Christians, Jews, and Zoroastrians. | 12 | |
9218760273 | Qur'an | Muslim holy book, believed to be the word of God, given to prophet Muhammad | ![]() | 13 |
9218760274 | Rentier state | A country that obtains much of its revenue from the export of oil or other natural resources. | 14 | |
9218760275 | Shari'a | Islamic law derived mostly from the Qur'an and the examples set by the Prophet Muhammad. | 15 | |
9218760276 | Shi'ism (or Shiite) | Dominant branch of Islam in Iran, believe that the head of Islam should be a descendant of prophet Muhammad | 16 | |
9218760277 | Supreme Leader | Title given to the ayatollah who sits atop all Iranian political institutions. | 17 | |
9218760278 | Theocracy | A government ruled by religion; religious leaders are the head of the nation-state; rule on the grounds that they are the only interpreters of God's will and law. | 18 | |
9218760280 | White Revolution | The term used by the shah to describe reforms in Iran between the end of World War II and the downfall of his regime in 1979 | 19 | |
9218760281 | Zoroastrianism | Persian religion founded by Zoroaster; taught that humans had the freedom to choose between right and wrong, and that goodness would triumph in the end | 20 | |
9218760282 | Iran | ![]() | 21 | |
9218760283 | Iraq | ![]() | 22 | |
9218760284 | Turkey | ![]() | 23 | |
9218760285 | Israel | ![]() | 24 | |
9218760286 | Palestine | ![]() | 25 | |
9218760287 | Egypt | ![]() | 26 | |
9218760288 | Syria | ![]() | 27 | |
9218760289 | Afghanistan | ![]() | 28 | |
9218760290 | United Arab Emirates (UAE) | ![]() | 29 | |
9218760291 | Saudi Arabia | ![]() | 30 |
AP Comparative Iran TermsDE Flashcards
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