Terms : Hide Images
| 9827795347 | Nation | A group of people who are bound together into a single body, through history, customs, value, language, culture, tradition, art and religion. |  | 0 |
| 9827795348 | State | Organizations that maintain a monopoly of violence over a territory. |  | 1 |
| 9827795349 | Cross-cutting cleavage | Positive factors that cut across differences and bring groups together. For example, religion can often bring different groups together. |  | 2 |
| 9827795350 | Devolution | Political power is handed down from the national government to lower levels, for example to state and local governments. |  | 3 |
| 9827795351 | Command economy | an economy in which the central government makes all decisions |  | 4 |
| 9827795352 | Civil society | government independent organizations and individuals linked by common interest and will |  | 5 |
| 9827795353 | Grassroots movement | A movement that gets it's support from the people themsleves. Instead of Washington setting the agenda, the people choose what is important and make the changed they wish to see from the ground up. |  | 6 |
| 9827795354 | Socialist/Welfare State | The belief that the government should play an active role in the distribution of money, create equal opportunities for all, and care for those that aren't able to care for themselves. The government should ensure that the basic need is met for an individual citizen. |  | 7 |
| 9827795355 | Pluralism | A way which power and influence are distributed where a variety of groups compete to gain power and influence |  | 8 |
| 9827795356 | Run-off election | An electoral system where there are two rounds of voting. Where in the first round the voters cast ballots if no candidate gets the majority of votes there is another round of election between the two candidates who received the most votes |  | 9 |
| 9827795357 | Political ideology | The values held by an individual or group of people about politics and government |  | 10 |
| 9827795358 | Political culture | Widely shared beliefs and feelings about the government's system and function. (This can unite a large group of people.) |  | 11 |
| 9827795359 | Political recruitment | The process by which citizens are selected for involvement in politics |  | 12 |
| 9827795360 | Nationalism | loyalty and devotion to a nation |  | 13 |
| 9827795361 | Political economy | the interaction of government with economic systems to make policy |  | 14 |
| 9827795362 | First-past-the-post, Single member district | a voting system that is the simplest form of the plurality system. a voter is presented with a list of names and chooses only one; the candidate with simply the most votes wins. |  | 15 |
| 9827795363 | Proportional representation | An electoral system in which political parties compete in multimember districts; voters choose between parties, and the seats in the district are awarded proportionally according to the results of the vote. |  | 16 |
| 9827795364 | Globalization | The process of expanding and intensifying linkages between states, societies, and economies |  | 17 |
| 9827795365 | Rational-legal legitimacy | Legitimacy is based on highly institutionalized systems and well established laws and procedures. Citizens obey the leaders based on an acceptance of the laws |  | 18 |
| 9827795366 | Market economy | Laws of supply and demand run economy. Free trade is encouraged. |  | 19 |
| 9827795367 | Referendum | A vote in which the entire electorate is invited to vote on a proposal. People voting directly on issues proposed by the government. Ex: "Brexit" |  | 20 |
| 9827795368 | Code law | Also known as civil law. Set of laws that is written into a collection, codified, and not determined by judges |  | 21 |
| 9827795369 | Federal system | A system in which power is divided between the central and local governments. |  | 22 |
| 9827795370 | Empirical statement | An objective statement based on facts. |  | 23 |
| 9827795371 | Judicial review | Power of the courts to review government action and overturn actions that violate the constitution. |  | 24 |
| 9827795372 | Structural Adjustment Program/austerity measures | Economic reforms offering aid to poor countries while demanding privatization, trade liberalization, welcoming foreign investment, and governmental fiscal restraint |  | 25 |
| 9827795373 | Civil liberties | Basic rights and freedoms protected by law |  | 26 |
| 9827795374 | Dependency Theory | Increases in the wealth of richer nations come at the cost of poorer ones (e.g. Nigeria because of colonialism) |  | 27 |
| 9827795375 | Charismatic legitimacy | Legitimacy Derived from a leader's ideas and charisma. Countries with these leaders typically have weak political and administration. |  | 28 |
| 9827795376 | Corporatism | A government that controls interest groups and only allows government approved interest groups ability to influence policy |  | 29 |
| 9827795377 | Gini Index | A measure of income inequality amongst nations people. |  | 30 |
| 9827795378 | Legitimacy | The acceptance by the people of a governments right to rule. |  | 31 |
| 9827795379 | Institutions | The three bodies of government: Executive, legislative, and judicial. |  | 32 |
| 9827795380 | Regime | A political system of rules obeyed in society. |  | 33 |
| 9827795381 | Reactionaries | Someone who seeks to restore the institutions of real or imagined earlier order. |  | 34 |
| 9827795382 | Theocracy | A form of rule where religion is the foundation for the regime. |  | 35 |
| 9827795383 | Hybrid Regime | A form of government that has elements of both democracy and authoritarianism. |  | 36 |
| 9827795384 | Marxism/Communism | a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs. All means of production are owned by the state rather than by individuals and a single authoritarian party controls both the political and economic systems. |  | 37 |
| 9827795385 | Developed countries | countries that have post industrial economies, meaning the service sector provides more wealth than the industrial sector |  | 38 |
| 9827795386 | Developing countries | countries that are still in the process of industrialization |  | 39 |
| 9827795387 | Sovereignty | Having independent legal authority over a population in a particular territory based on a recognized right to self-determination |  | 40 |
| 9827795388 | Cooptation | The mechanism by which members of the public are brought into a beneficial relationship with the state and government |  | 41 |
| 9827795389 | Democratization | The transition of a state from an authoritarian regime to a illiberal democracy to a liberal democracy, which emphasizes a large role of the public in governance and protects individual rights and freedoms. |  | 42 |
| 9827795390 | Normative statement | a subjective statement based on values/opinions. |  | 43 |
| 9827795391 | Rentier state | a state for which a substantial amount of its revenues come from the rent (sales made in excess of the cost required to produce a good) of an indigenous resource. For example, Saudi Arabia is a rentier state, as a large portion of its revenue comes from selling oil, an indigenous resource, at a price which is obviously greater than the price required to produce it. |  | 44 |
| 9827795392 | Correlation | refers to when (and the extent to which) two factors or variables fluctuate together. For example, if Willy invests his bank account entirely into Bitcoin, then his bank account's value fluctuates with the value of bitcoin - the two values correlate. Similarly, if Saudi Arabia's economy were to completely depend on oil, there would be a correlation between the fluctuation of the value of oil and their economy. |  | 45 |
| 9827795393 | Civil rights | rights of citizens to freedom and equality that protects from unequal treatment based on certain characteristics (ex. race, gender, disability) |  | 46 |
| 9827795394 | Per capita GDP | measure of income calculated by dividing gross domestic product (GDP) by total population provides insight in quality of life of an average citizen in a country |  | 47 |
| 9827795395 | Economic Liberalization | The process of decreasing government regulations/restrictions in the economy in exchange for greater participation by private entities. |  | 48 |
| 9827795396 | Liberal democracy | A system of government where civil rights and liberties are protected and the exercise of political power is limited by the rule of law. |  | 49 |
| 9827795397 | Authoritarian state | A state in which the government has strong centralized power and the citizens have limited political freedom. | 50 | |
| 9827795398 | Illiberal democracy | A governing system where elections take place however the citizens have little to no choice in who really holds political power due to the lack of civil liberties. | 51 | |
| 9827795399 | Under-developed countries | A country that is not as developed economically than most others, with little economic growth and low quality of life. It is third in the order of most developed to least developed countries. | | 52 |
| 9827795400 | Coinciding cleavage | cleavage that weakens society by strengthening feelings of difference and discrepancy; weakening society |  | 53 |
| 9827795401 | Bicameral | A legislative body with two branches/ chambers ________________/Users/sydneyeck/Desktop/Screen Shot 2018-01-16 at 7.45.09 PM.png | 54 | |
| 9827795402 | Traditional legitimacy | the authority to govern based in social customs and historical practices that derive authenticity from societal habits and values. | 55 | |
| 9827795403 | Revolution | An overthrow of the current regime; a fundamental change in the way things are done. |  | 56 |
| 9827795404 | GDP | (gross domestic product) the total value of everything that has been produced in a country |  | 57 |
| 9827795405 | Causation | When a change in one variable causes a change in another variable |  | 58 |
| 9827795406 | HDI | Index to measure development and standard of living that takes into account life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, and GNI per capita (PPP). |  | 59 |
| 9827795407 | Common law | Body of law based on judicial decisions |  | 60 |
| 9827795408 | Political socialization | process by which people form their ideas about politics and acquire political values (family, educational system, peer groups, and mass media all play a role) |  | 61 |
| 9827795409 | Transparency | An open government that allows citizens to access government documents and know how the government works for added public review |  | 62 |
| 9827795410 | Post materialist | A time in which people's basic needs are met so they can focus on improving quality of life. People pay more attention to the environment and gender issues etc. |  | 63 |
| 9827795411 | Unitary system | System in which most political power is concentrated in the national capital, allocating little decision-making power to localities. |  | 64 |
| 9827795412 | Constitutional court | Judiciary court that decides if laws or policies violate Constitution. Most of the time they oversee the entire judicial structure | | 65 |
