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AP CSP Terms Flashcards

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9687723016PrototypeA preliminary sketch of an idea or model for something new. It's the original drawing from which something real might be built or created.0
9687723017Binary Questiona question to which there are only two possible answers.1
9687723018Binary Messagea message that can only be one of two possible values.2
9687723019BitA contraction of "Binary Digit". A bit is the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1.3
9687723020Bit ratethe number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. e.g. 8 bits/sec.4
9687723021ProtocolA set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.5
9687723022BandwidthTransmission capacity measure by bit rate6
9687723023LatencyTime it takes for a bit to travel from its sender to its receiver.7
9687723024ASCIIAmerican Standard Code for Information Interchange is the universally recognized raw text format that any computer can understand.8
9687723025Code(v) to write code, or to write instructions for a computer.9
9687723026Chapter 2 StartFreebee10
9687723027Request For Comments (RFC)These documents are how standards and protocols are defined and published for all to see on the IETF website.11
9687723028IP AddressA number assigned to any item that is connected to the Internet.12
9687723029PacketsSmall chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of information.13
9687723030Network Redundancyhaving multiple backups to ensure reliability during cases of high usage or failure14
9687723031RouterA type of computer that forwards data across a network15
9687723032TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)Provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet. Tightly linked with IP.16
9687723033DNS (Domain Name System)the Internet's system for converting alphabetic names into numeric IP addresses.17
9687723034HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)Protocol used by the World Wide Web. It describes how messages are formatted and interchanged, and how web servers respond to commands.18
9687723035AbstractionReducing information and detail to focus on essential characteristics.19
9687723036ServerA computer that awaits and responds to requests for data.20
9687723037ClientA computer that requests data stored on a server.21
9687723038UNIT IIFreebee :)22
9687723039HeuristicA problem solving approach (algorithm) to find a satisfactory solution where finding an optimal or exact solution is impractical or impossible.23
9687723040Lossless Compressiona data compression algorithm that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data.24
9687723041ImageA type of data used for graphics or pictures.25
9687723042MetadataData that describes other data. For example, a digital image may include metadata that describe the size of the image, number of colors, or resolution.26
9687723043PixelShort for "picture element" it is the fundamental unit of a digital image, typically a tiny square or dot which contains a single point of color of a larger image.27
9687723044HexadecimalA base-16 number system that uses sixteen distinct symbols 0-9 and A-F to represent numbers from 0 to 15.28
9687723045RGBvarying intensities of (R)ed, (G)reen, and (B)lue light are added together in to reproduce a broad array of colors.29
9687723046LossyA compression scheme in which "useless" or less-than-totally-necessary information is thrown out in order to reduce the size of the data. The eliminated data is unrecoverable.30
9687723047HypothesisA proposed explanation for some phenomenon used as the basis for further investigation.31
9687723048READMEA document providing background information about a dataset.32
9687723049CSV (Common-Separated Values)This is a widely-used format for storing data.33
9687723050Raw DataThe original data as it was collected.34
9687723051Summary TableA table of aggregate information about a dataset (e.g., the average, sum, count of some values).35
9687723052Pivot TabelThe tool used by most spreadsheet programs to create a summary table.36
9687723053AggregationA computation in which rows from a data set are grouped together and used to compute a single value of more significant meaning or measurement.37
9687723054Unit 3Freebee:)38
9687723055AlgorithmA precise sequence of instructions for processes that can be executed by a computer and are implemented using programming languages.39
9687723056Low Level Programming LanguageA programming language that captures only the most primitive operations available to a machine.40
9687723057High Level Programming LanguageA programming language with many commands and features designed to make common tasks easier to program.41
9687723058IterateTo repeat in order to achieve, or get closer to, a desired goal.42
9687723059SelectionA generic term for a type of programming statement (usually an if-statement) that uses a Boolean condition to determine, or select, whether or not to run a certain block of statements.43
9687723060SequencingPutting commands in correct order so computers can read the commands.44
9687723061Turtle ProgrammingMethod for learning programming with commands to control a "turtle"45
9687723062BlocksPieces of codes that you use to solve a problem46
9687723063SubgoalThe process of breaking goals down into sub goals47
9687723064Abstraction48

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