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AP Econ Unit 2 Flashcards

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8922514745Law of Demandprice INCREASES QUANTITY demanded DECREASES and vice versa0
5891721688Substitution Effectwhen consumers react to an increase in a good's price by consuming less of that good and more of other goods (proof for law of demand )1
5891726232Income Effectchange in consumption that results when a price increase causes real income (Purchasing Power) to decline. (proof for law of demand )2
5891740778Diminishing Marginal UtilityLess and less additional satisfaction lend proof to the law of demand (proof for law of demand )3
8922538247change QUANTITY demandmovement on demand curve caused by change in price4
8922529709Demand changeInc.: buy more at ALL prices dec.: buy less ALL prices5
5890626878Demand Shifters1. Taste and preference 2. price and availability of substitutes and compliments 3. # of buyers(demographics) 4. expectations future price 5. Income (normal vs. inferior)6
5890524813inferior goodA good that consumers demand less of when their income increases (poor mans good)7
5956488933price increases good A demand related good increases or price decrease good A demand related good decreasesSubstitutes8
5956486703price increases good A demand related good decreases or price decrease good A demand related good increasescompliments9
5890543848Demand Increase effect on price and quantityboth increase10
5890547650Demand decrease effect on price and quantityboth decrease11
8922654634Law of supplyprice INCREASES QUANTITY supplied INCREASES and vice versa12
8922672822change QUANTITY Suppliedmovement on supply curve caused by change in price13
5890656767Supply Shifters1. cost of production (wages, raw material, capital) 2. supply shock (random events) 3. technology 4. government actions (taxes,subsidies,regulation) 5. expectations future price (can it be stored?) 6. compliments in production(chicken and chicken feet) 7. substitutes in production (corn and soybeans)14
8922684966Change in SupplyInc.: produce more at ALL prices dec.: produce less ALL prices15
5890610509Supply Increase effect on price and quantityquantity follows and increase but price decreases16
5890615044Supply decrease effect on price and quantityquantity follows and decreases but price increases17
5890550569Elastic demandconsumers are price sensitive %∆QD > %∆P18
5890582714Elastic Characteristicsbig budget item, substitutes available, luxury, time19
5890570843inelastic demandconsumers are NOT price sensitive %∆QD < %∆P20
5890592064Inelastic Characteristicssmall budget item, no substitutes available, necessity, little time21
5891643457elasticity coefficient midpoint∆Q/ Mid Q ----------- ∆p / Mid p22
5890564015elasticity coefficient greater than 1elastic demand (%∆QD>%∆P)23
5890623945elasticity coefficient = 1unit elastic (%∆QD=%∆P)24
5890582713elasticity coefficient less than 1inelastic demand (%∆QD=%∆P)25
5956469383Price and total revenue are directinelastic (because %∆QD SMALL revenue follows price ∆)26
5956470990Price and total revenue are inverseelastic (because %∆QD BIG revenue follows quantity ∆ which is opposite because of the law of demand)27
5891660615Cross Price Elasticity∆Q/ Mid Q (of related good) ----------- ∆p / Mid p (of original good) positive or negative matters28
5890603007Negative cross price elasticityComplementary goods29
5890606978Positive cross price elasticitySubstitute good30
5891668295Income Elasticity∆Q/ Mid Q ----------- positive or negative matters ∆I / Mid I31
5890532471negative income elasticityinferior good32
5890538373positive income elasticitynormal goods33
5891680491Producer SurplusThe difference between the lowest price a firm would be willing to accept for a good or service and the price it actually receives.34
5891675157Consumer SurplusThe difference between a buyer's willingness to pay and the price actually paid.35

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