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AP English Language and Composition - 100 Key Terms Flashcards

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6407628948AbstractionA generality; a concept or idea or thought separated from concrete reality without a specific example0
6413149486Abstract NounNames of an idea, thing, quality, action, or feeling meaning many things to many people such as peace honor etc.1
6413177770AllegoryA literary work in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions or a secondary or symbolic meaning underlying the literal meaning.2
6413197370AlliterationRepetition, at close intervals of beginning consonant sounds3
6413211049AllusionA direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known in popular culture, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. Allusions can be historical, literary, religious, topical, or mythical. There are many more possibilities, and a work may simultaneously use multiple layers of allusion.4
6413250527Allusion, classicalA reference to classical mythology, literature or culture.5
6413267172AnalogyA comparison of two different things that are similar in some way in order to prove a point or clarify an idea.6
6413288635Analogical ComparisonAnother way to say the author has used an analogy7
6413314387AnecdoteA short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person sometimes used to clarify abstract points or create a memorable image.8
6413362749AnticlimaxAn event or experience that causes disappointment because it happens immediately after a much more interesting or exciting event.9
6413404821AntecedentThe word, phrase, or clause (Noun) referred to by a pronoun. You may be expected to find this relationship on the exam.10
6413426476AntithesisDirect opposite, the opposite of an idea used to emphasize a point; the juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas. Hope is the antithesis of despair.11
6413444287Antithesis, balancedA figure of speech in which sharply contrasting ideas are juxtaposed in a balanced or parallel phrase or grammatical structure, as in To err is human; to forgive, divine.12
6413460613ApostropheA figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as death, liberty or love. A speaker addresses something or someone not living, that cannot answer back.13
6413505053Appeal to AuthorityA fallacy in which a speaker or writer seeks to persuade not by giving evidence but by appealing to the respect people have for a famous person or institution. The writer refers to expert opinion.14
6413522430AssertionA declaration or statement, the claim or point the author is making.15
6413540859BiasPrejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue. A preference or inclination, especially one that inhibits impartial judgment.16
6413572655BurlesqueA work of literature meant to ridicule a subject; a grotesque imitation, a comic tool or satire, the writer uses ridiculous exaggeration and distortion.17
6413606927CadenceRhythm, the rhythm of phrases or sentences created through repetitive elements.18
6413621084CandorOpen and honest communication, truthfulness.19
6413636669CatalogA list of details that reinforces a concept. Inductive arguments build to a conclusion based on the collective impression of lists (facts, observations)20
6413663366Cause and EffectAn essay pattern in which the writer shows the immediate and underlying causes that led to an event or situation.21
6413673361Circular ReasoningType of faulty reasoning in which the writer attempts to support a statement by simply repeating the statement in different or stronger terms.22
6413703322Circumlocution(n.) indirect and wordy language (The professor's habit of speaking in circumlocutions made it difficult to follow his lectures.) To write around a subject; to write evasively; to say nothing.23
6413714102ColloquialA common or regional language or behavior; referring to local custom or sayings.24
6413736877Concrete Versus Abstractconcrete is observable, measurable, easily perceived versus abstract, which is vague and not easily defined.25
6413758868CounterexampleAn exception to a proposed general rule26
6516726509SoliloquyA dramatic speech, revealing inner thoughts and feelings, spoken aloud by one character.27

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