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AP English Language and Composition Mythological Allusions Flashcards

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7809359744AchillesHe was the hero of the Trojan War who was dipped in the river Styx by his mom when he was little, bu his heel didn't get dunked so it was his one weakness. He was killed in war by Paris whom used a poisoned arrow0
7809359745Helen of TroyShe was the daughter of Zeus and Leda, and was the most beautiful woman in the world. She married Menelaus, and her abduction by the Trojan prince Paris caused the Trojan war (she had the face that launched 1000 ships)1
7809359746AdonisHe was a beautiful young male who was loved by Aphrodite and Persephone. He was killed by a wild boar, but Aphrodite begged for him to be restored, so Zeus restored him and made him spend Winters with Persephone and Summers with Aphrodite2
7809359747Aphrodite (Venus=Roman name)She was the goddess of beauty, fertility, and sexual love3
7809359748Apollo (Sol=Roman name)A Greek god, the son of Zeus and Leto, the twin brother of Artemis, associated with the sun, sometimes given the epithet Phoebus, later usurped Helio's place as god of the sun, his chariot pulled the sun across the sky4
7809359749Ares (Mars=Roman name)He's the son of Zeus and Hera and is the god of war5
7809359750Daedalus and IcarusThe Athenian craftsman fled to Crete after jealously killing his pupil. He designed and built the Labyrinth for King Minos but was refused the ability to leave, so he made wings for him and his son. He escaped safely, but his son flew too close to the sun, causing the wax to melt which caused his death [The story is partially about youthful inexperience]6
7809359751Eros (Cupid=Roman name)He was the god of love and now represents the idea of sexual love and libido7
7809359752Hades (Pluto=Roman name)He was the brother of Zeus and Poseidon. He was the Lord of the Underworld, and those who died went to the house of Hades8
7809359753HerculesHe was the hero of superhuman strength and courage. He performed 12 immense tasks imposed by Eurystheus (King of Argos) and was ranked as a god after he died9
7809359754Narcissus and EchoA youth of exceptional beauty who cruelly spurned many admirers including the nymph Echo. He saw his reflection in a pool and fell in love with his own reflection [the story is partially about excessive physical vanity]10
7809359755Hermes (Mercury=Roman name)He was the messenger of the gods, and was pictured as a herald wearing winged sandals which enabled him to travel swiftly [Acting as a messenger equals doing the work of Hermes]11
7809359756MidasHe was the King of Phrygia (Turkey) who was granted his wish that everything he touched turned to gold (including food and his daughter). He begged to be released from the wish [the story's about someone who suffers on account of greed or money]12
7809359757Oedipus (Greek)He was left on a mountain to die because of a prophecy that he would kill his father. He was rescued by a shepherd and didn't know his parents, so he ended up killing his father and married his mom with whom he had 4 children. When they found out, he blinded himself while the mom hung herself [The Oedipus Complex is when a child is fixated with him mom and clashes with his dad as a youth. It was a predestined act]13
7809359758Poseidon (Neptune=Roman name)He was the Greek god of the sea, water, earthquakes, and horses. He had a trident in hand and was irritable as well as vengeful14
7809359759StyxIt was the dark, gloomy river that flowed around the underworld, across which Charon ferried the souls of the dead15
7809359760Mnemosyne (Greek)She was the mother of muses and the goddess of memory [Mnemonic devices today help us remember difficult facts and ideas]16
7809359761MusesThere were originally 9, who were the daughters of Zeus. They symbolized intellectual and creative ability, literature, music, and dance. They provided inspiration to mortals17
7809359762Nemesis (Greek)She was the goddess responsible for retribution (revenge) for a person who transgressed moral code or taken too much pride [This deals with an enemy/unavoidable fate]18
7809359763ZeusHe was the supreme rule of Olympian gods and had many liaisons with goddesses, nymphs, and mortal women. He often disguised himself to accomplish seductions19
7809359764Artemis (Diana=Roman name)She was associated with hunting, virginity, and the moon in later literature and art [This deals with the personification of feminine grace and vigor]20
7809359765PrometheusHe was a demigod, one of the Titans, and the champion of humankind against gods. He stole fire from Mount Olympus [He was cunning and acted in service of man]21

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