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AP English Language and Composition Vocabulary Flashcards

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4819704068BalanceThe syntactic structure of each sentence supports its meaning. Similar ideas are expressed in similar grammatical structure, contrasting ideas in a contrasting grammatical structure, or a series of ideas in climactic order.0
4819711466ParallelismExpresses similar or related ideas in similar grammatical structures1
4819713664ChiasmusGrammatical structure of the first clause or phrase is reversed in the second, sometimes repeating the same words.2
4819714649ClimaxWriter arranges ideas in order of importance3
4819714650Antithesisthe juxtaposition of contrasting ideas4
4819715458Zeugma1. "yoking" 2. when an object-taking word has two or more objects on different levels, such as concrete and abstract wherein figurative and literal senses of the transitive word are "yoked" together by the conjunction. 3. when two different words that sound exactly alike are "yoked" together5
4819734602Anastropheword order is reversed or rearranged6
4819734603Appositionthe placing next to a noun another noun or phrase that explains it.7
4819735471Parenthesisthe insertion of words, phrases, or a sentence that is not syntactically related to the rest of the sentence. Can be set off from the rest of the sentence either by dashes or parentheses.8
4819735472Omissionwords can be left out for stylistic preferences or for emphasis.9
4819735473Asyndentonconjunctions are omitted, producing a fast-paced and rapid prose10
4819736542Repetitionwriters can repeat any element for emphasis (sound, word phrase, clause, or sentence)11
4819736543EpanalepsisRepetition at the end of a clause of the word that occurred at the beginning12
4819761859Anaphorathe regular repetition of the same word of phrase at the beginning of successive phrases or clauses13
4819761860Epistropherepetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses Opposite of anaphora14
4819762572Polysyndentonthe use of many conjunctions to slow the pace15
4819762573Alliterationthe repetition of the same sounds at the beginning of successive words16
4819762574Assonanceinvolves the repetition of sounds within words17
4819763666Consonancewords at the ends of verses in which the final consonants in the stressed syllables agree but the words that precede them differ Sometimes called "half rhyme"18
4819779423Periodic SentenceThe main idea of the sentence is at the end of the sentence19
4819783292Loose Sentencedependent clause it at the end of the sentence20
4819787156Dictionthe words the writer chooses to convey a particular meaning21
4819790420Syntaxthe way words are arranged within sentences22
4819793024Paradoxa statement that appears to be contradictory but, in fact, has some truth23
4819793025Onomatopoeiathe use of words whose sounds enforce their meaning24
4819794054Rhetorical Questionquestions that do not require an answer 1. Asking the Reader- a way of taking counsel with the reader 2. Asking the Writer- addressed to the writer, suggests writer's thinking process 3. Criticizing- making criticism in the form of a question 4. Asking and Answering- asks and question and answers it25
4819794055Apostrophe"Turning away" "Turn away" from the audience to address someone or something new26
4819795219Euphemismsubstitute less pungent words for harsh ones, with ironic effect27
4819812512Metaphoran implied comparison between two unlike things28
4819812513Similean explicit comparison between two unlike things signaled by the use of like or as29
4819813393Personificationattributing human qualities to an inanimate object30
4819813394Ironythe writer takes on another voice or role that states the opposite of what is expressed31
4819813395Hyperboleexaggeration; deliberate exaggeration for emphasis32
4819814670Litotesopposite of hyperbole intensifies an idea by understatement33
4819816142Synecdochea part is substituted for the whole34
4819816143Metonymydesignation of one thing with something closely associated with it35
4819817387Oxymoroncontradiction two contradictory terms or ideas used together36
4819817388Tonewriter's attitude or feeling about the subject of his text37

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