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AP English Language: Figurative Language Flashcards

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2814322014AllegoryA story, poem, or picture that can me interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one. Probably the most famous example of allegory is the movie The Wizard of Oz, in which cowardice is embodied in the lion, thoughtless panic in the scarecrow, and so on. Some have claimed that L. Frank Baum's Oz books are also political allegories, that the scarecrow represents an agricultural past, for example, and the tin woodsman the industrial future.0
2814323587AlliterationRepeating a consonant sound in close proximity to others, or beginning several words with the same vowel sound. "Buckets of big blue berries."1
2814323588AllusionA casual reference in literature to a person, place, event, or another passage of literature, often without explicit identification. Allusions can originate in mythology, biblical references, historical events, legends, geography, or earlier literary works.2
2814324356ApostropheAn address to a person or personified object not present.3
2814324357AphorismA statement of general principle condensing much wisdom into a few words -- Give a man a mask and he will tell you the truth -- Oscar Wilde.4
2814325170AssonanceA repetition of vowel sounds in words that are close to each other; "Try to light the fire."5
2814325769ClichéA hackneyed or trite phrase that has become overused.6
2814327386ConnotationDouble- and triple-level suggestive power words; gold can connote wealth, but also beauty and excellence or greed; a dove, peace as well as innocence.7
2814327387ConsonanceThe repetition of final consonant sounds; blood, food, lord, sword.8
2814328536DenotationDictionary meaning of a word.9
2814328537Dramatic IronyWhen the reader or audience knows something the character does not.10
2814328991EuphemismThe substituting of a mild, indirect or vague term for one that is more harsh, blunt, or offensive -- She passed away -- instead of -- She is dead.11
2814328992FlashbackThe method of returning to an earlier point in time for the purpose of making the present clearer.12
2814329616ForeshadowA hint of what is to come in a literary work.13
2814329617HyperboleAn extreme exaggeration to add meaning.14
2814329995IdiomHas a meaning that is different from the meanings of the individual words themselves (cliché).15
2814329996ImageryLanguage that appeals to the five senses -- sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch.16
2814329997IronyThe contrast between actual meaning and the suggestion of another meaning.17
2814330648MalapropismUnconscious pun; confusing "odious" for "onerous."18
2814332662MetaphorAn implemented comparison between dissimilar objects without the use of like or as.19
2814333427MetonymyUsing a physical object to indicate a larger idea is named metonymy. For instance, the word "crown" can refer to a king.20
2814334466MotifA recurring feature of a literary work that is related to the theme.21
2814334797OnomatopoeiaThe use of sounds that are similar to the noise they represent; buzz, smack, whack, click, rattle.22
2814334798OxymoronA figure of speech that deliberately uses two contradictory ideas; sometimes you have to be cruel to the kind; a deafening silence; bitter-sweet.23
2814334799ParadoxA statement which appears self-contradictory, but underlines a basis of truth.24
2814335742PeriphrasisSubstituting a descriptive phrase, made up of a concrete adjective and abstract noun, for a precise word: "fringed curtains of thine eye" (i.e. eyelashes).25
2814335743PersonificationA figure of speech in which non-human things are given human characteristics.26
2814336253PunA humorous way of using a word or phrase so that more than one meaning is suggested.27
2814336646SimileA direct comparison of dissimilar objects using "like" or "as."28
2814336647Situational IronyWhen there is a disparity between what is expected and what actually occurs; when something unexpected occurs.29
2814337112SynesthesiaThe description of one ind of sense in terms of another -- Her blouse was a cool green.30
2814337463SynecdocheA figure of speech in which a part represents the whole object or idea.31
2814337938SymbolA word, place, character, or object that means something beyond what is on a literal level.32
2814337939UnderstatementSaying less that what is meant, for effect.33
2814338294Verbal IronyWhen the speaker says one thing, but means the opposite; meaning one thing and saying another.34
2814338295WordplayA serious pun, as when a dying man says, "Tomorrow you shall find me a grave man."35

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