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Ap English Language Flashcards

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6777132738Parallelism- The use of similar forms in writing for nouns, verbs , phrases or thoughts - Typically used to emphasize a point Ex/ " Jane enjoys reading writing and skiing" " I love her; I love everything about her"0
6777135346Antithesis- The juxtaposition of sharply contrasting ideas in balance or parallel words, phrases, grammatical structure or ideas - utilized to bring to differing ideas close to one another ex/ "Setting foot on the moon may be a small step for a man but a giant step for man kind"1
6807980006Anastrophe- Anastrophe is a form of literary device wherein the order of the noun and the adjective in the sentence is exchanged. In standard parlance and writing the adjective comes before the noun but when one is employing an anastrophe the noun is followed by the adjective. ex/ "Her mother is the lady of the house, And a good lady, and wise and virtuous. I nursed her daughter that you talked withal. I tell you, he that can lay hold of her, Shall have the chinks." - Used to bring attention to specific concepts, but also to set apart a character.2
6807982435Asyndeton- A syntactical structure in which conjunctions are omitted win series usually producing more rapid prose. - Conjunctions like "and, but, however" not utilized - Ex/"Consciousness of place came ebbing back to him slowly over a vast tract of time unlit, unfelt, unlived....."3
6807985014Polysyndeton- A literary technique in which conjunctions (e.g. and, but, or) are used repeatedly in quick succession, often with no commas, even when the conjunctions could be removed. - "I ate and i slept and i showered and i ...."4
6807986769Alliteration- The repetition of similar sound, usually applied to consonants and in proximate stressed syllables _ " She sells seashells by the seashore"5
6807986770Assonance- The repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds , usually in successive or proximate words ex/ " Men sell the wedding bells"6
6807991401Anaphora- The regular repetition of same words or phrases at the beginning of successive phrases or clauses. - ex/ " This blessed plot, this earth, this realm, this England, this nurse, this teeming womb of royal kings...this land of ..."7
6808002193Epistrophe- In rhetoric, the repetition go phrase at the end of successive sentences - Ex/ "The big sycamore by the creek was gone. The willow was gone. The little enclave of untrodden blue grass was gone."8
6808004678Anadiplosis9
6807991402Chiasmus- A figure of speech and generally a syntactical structure where in the order of the terms in the first half of the parallel clause is reversed in the second. - ex/ " Never let fool kiss you or a kiss fool you" " You forget what you want to remember and remember what you want to forget"10
6807993677Simile- Comparing two similar objects with like or as - Her feet were as big as kangaroos'11
6807996132Synecdoche/ Metonymy- Using a part as a whole - It was cholesterol on a plate12
6808004679Personification- Give an object human like features - The sky suddenly started to cry13
6808006795Hyperbole- Exaggerating - I can eat an entire cow14
6808006796Litote- A figure of speech that emphasizes its subject by conscious understatement - ex/ " I am not unaware how the productions of the grub street brotherhood have of late years fallen under many prejudices."15
6808010106Rhetorical Questions- A question that is asked simply for the sake of stylistic effects is not expected to be answered - Do I want to eat ice-cream on a hot day?16
6808016705Irony- The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant. The intended meaning is often the opposite of what is stated. - Verbal; "I love strawberries" says cathy as she spits the fruit out - Situational; Romeo and Juliet were bon to live happily ever after however death swooped them - Dramatic; Juliet sent romeo a letter telling him her death was fake ; romeo never received it.17
6808019953OnomatopeiaA word describing a sound "pop,boom etc."18
6808019954Oxymoron- A Figure of speech that combines two apparently contradictory elements as in "wise fool" "baggy tights" or"deafening silence" - The shining night lightened my blues.19
6808021900Paradox- A statement that seems contradictory but is probably true - Truth is honey which is bitter - I am no body20
6808021901Allegory- A narrative where the character, behavior, and setting have multiple meanings/ significance. This is usually a universal symbol or personified abstract - Ex/ animal farm21
6808021902Allusion- Not a direct reference to a person or historical event22
6808023990Analogy- An analogy is a comparison in which an idea or a thing is compared to another thing that is quite different from it. It aims at explaining that idea or thing by comparing it to something that is familiar. - A heart to a pump23
6808023991Antecedent24
6808027052AphorismAphorism is a statement of truth or opinion expressed in a concise and witty manner. The term is often applied to philosophical, moral and literary principles. ex/ "Life is a tale told by an idiot — full of sound and fury, signifying nothing." (Macbeth)25
6808029997CaricatureCaricature is a device used in descriptive writing and visual arts where particular aspects of a subject are exaggerated to create a silly or comic effect. In other words, it can be defined as a plastic illustration, derisive drawing or a portrayal based on exaggeration of the natural features, which gives a humorous touch to the subject.26
6808046253ClauseThe word "clause" has been derived from the Medieval Latin word "clausa," meaning the close of a period, a termination, or a conclusion. In grammar, a clause is a combination of words within a sentence that is comprised of a subject and a predicate.27
6808046254Colloquialism- A term identifying the diction of the common ordinary folks, especially in a specific region or area Ex/ go bananas28
6808048364Conceit- Comparison of two unlikely things that is drawn out within a piece of literature, in particular an extended metaphor within a poem, however they can be used in non-fiction - "Love is like an oil change," or "The broken heart is a damaged china pot.29
6808048365Denotation- Denotation is generally defined as literal or dictionary meanings of a word in contrast to its connotative or associated meanings. ex/ "And on a day we meet to walk the line And set the wall between us once again. We keep the wall between us as we go. To each the boulders that have fallen to each."30
6808052253Connotation-The implies, suggested, underlying meaning of a word or phrase. It is the opposite of denotation - Shall I compare thee to a summers day31
6808052254Ethos- Establishing credibility32
6808055533Euphemisim- An indirect, kinder or less hard or hurtful way of expressing unpleasant information - Your mother passed away rather than saying your mother is dead33
6808055534Logos- Laying out a logical arguement34
6808058278Loose sentence(A term from syntax) a long sentence that starts with it's main clause, which is followed by several dependent clauses and modifying phrases. ex/ I went to the movies yesterday, bought candy and shopped at the mall.35
6808058279Periodic SentenceA long sentence in which the main clause is not completed until the end ex/ After going to the mall, doing homework, and watching tv; I finally took a nap in the afternoon.36
6808059906Parody37
6808059907Rhetoricthe art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques.38
6808059944PathosAppeal to emotions39
6808063546SatireSatire is a technique employed by writers to expose and criticize foolishness and corruption of an individual or a society by using humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule. It intends to improve humanity by criticizing its follies and foibles. A writer in a satire uses fictional characters, which stand for real people, to expose and condemn their corruption. ex/ "If this is going to be a Christian nation that doesn't help the poor, either we have to pretend that Jesus was just as selfish as we are, or we've got to acknowledge that He commanded us to love the poor and serve the needy without condition and then admit that we just don't want to do it."40

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