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AP English Language: Schemes

Rhetorical Schemes and Definitions

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238222465ParallelismSimilarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases or clauses.
238222466IsocolonUse of parallel elements similar not only in structure, as in parallelism, but in length (that is, the same number of words or even syllables).
238222467TricolonSentence consisting of three parts of equal importance and length, usually three independent clauses. Sometimes called the "rule of threes."
238222468AntithesisThe juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, often in parallel structure.
238222469AnastropheInversion of the natural or usual word order. (Yoda speak)
238222470ParenthesisInsertion of some verbal unit in a position that interrupts the normal syntactical flow of a sentence
238222471AppositionPlacing side by side two coordinate elements, the second of which serves as an explanation or modification of the first.
238222472ClimaxThe arrangement of words in order of increasing importance
238222473AnticlimaxThe arrangement of words in order of decreasing importance
238222474EllipsisDeliberate omission of a word or group of words which are readily implied by the context. From the Greek for "to leave out" or "to fall short."
238222475AsyndetonDeliberate omission of conjunctions between a series of related words, phrases, or clauses.
238222476PolysyndetonThe deliberate use of many conjunctions. From the Greek for "bound together."
238222477AlliterationRepetition of initial consonants in two or more adjacent words. From the Latin "putting letters together."
238222478AssonanceThe repetition of similar vowel sounds, preceded and followed by different consonants. From the Latin for "sound."
238222479AnaphoraRepetition of the same word or group of words at the beginnings of successive clauses. From the Greek for "carrying back."
238222480AntistropheThe repetition of the same word or phrase at the end of successive clauses. From the Greek for "return."
238222481ConsonanceThe repetition of the final consonant sounds of accented syllables or important words. From the Latin for "agree" + "sounds."
238222482EpistropheThe repetition of the same word or phrase at the end of successive clauses. From the Greek for "return."
238222483EpanalepsisRepetition at the end of a clause of the word(s) that occurred at the beginning of the clause. From the Greek for "repetition."
238222484AnadiplosisRepetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause
238222485AntimetaboleRepetition of words, in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order.
238222486ChiasmusReversal of grammatical structure in successive phrases or clauses (literally, "the criss-cross"). Like antimetabole, but without the repetition. Think "reverse parallelism."
238222487PolyptotonRepetition of words derived from the same root. Similar to word play, but the words do not lose their original meaning.
238222488TautologyNeedless repetition; or a statement that is unconditionally true by virtue of its form alone. From the Greek for "redundant."

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