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AP English Literary Terms

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an attack upon the character of the speaker instead of the argument.
a complete narrative that may also be applied to a parallel set of external situations that may be political, moral, religious, or philosophical; a complete and self contained narrative signifying another set of conditions.
repetition of initial consonant sounds.
the explanation of a concept or situation by comparison to a similar concept or situation.
emphasizing words or phrases by repeating them at the beginnings of neighboring clauses.
inversion of the normal word order of a sentence.
a brief story, often within another work, used to emphasize the theme
a contrast or opposition in thought.
a terse statement of principle of truth, usually and observation about life.
a moment or work that addresses a real or imagined listener who is not present.
repetition of similar vowel sounds
a harsh, unpleasant combination of sounds
the inversion of two parallel statements
ordinary, familiar, or informal speech
a historical, mythological, or biblical reference.
an extended metaphor with unlikely images that governs an entire poem or poetic passage.
the implied meaning of a word
repetition of consonant sounds within or at the end of words
the dictionary or accepted meaning of a word
the word choice of a writer or speaker
concerning words or phrases chosen to convey a lesson
the deliberate omission of a word or words that are, however, understood
a literary work or section of a work presenting, usually symbolically, such as a moment of revelation and insight
a pleasant, musical combination of sounds
category, or type, or literature (or art or film)
exaggeration for effect
a violent verbal attack, or verbal abuse
an act or instance of placing close together or side by side, esp. for comparison or contrast
a statement expressing understatement by denying the opposite of a positive
a direct comparison that describes something as though it were actually something else.
a repeated idea or object in a work that contributes to the development of theme
an inference, a conclusion, or a response not following the prior reasoning
the use of words whose sound or rhythm suggest their meaning
a figure of speech in which opposite or contradictory ideas are combined
apparent contradiction that reveals an unexpected truth
transfer of name; substitution of one thing for another with which it is related
a balance of two or more similar words, phrases, or clauses
an act or instance of placing close together or side by side, esp. for comparison or contrast
any insertion that interrupts the normal sentence structure
a composition imitating the style of another work or of a specific writer
the quality in a work of art or literature that arouses feelings of sympathy, pity, or sorrow in the viewer of the reader
ostentatious in one's learning or overly concerned with minute details or formalism, esp. in teaching
the attribution of a personal nature of character to inanimate objects or abstract notions, esp as a rhetorical figure
a work or style in which human or individual vices, abuses, or shortcomings are held up to censure by various means
comparison of unlike things using "like" or "as"
a figure of speech by which a word is used in a literal and metaphorical sense at the same time. Witty zeugma.
reasoning in which two statements result in a generalized conclusion
"taking one thing out of another" A part stands for the whole. "All hands aboard" Example: Keats' "To Autumn" when the gourd and hazel shells stand in for the harvest. "Wheels" instead of car; "rhyme" instead of poetry
a word, phrase, image, or the like having a complex of associated meanings and perceived as having inherent value separable from the which is represented
the arrangement and grammatical relation of words, phrases, and clauses in sentences
needless repetition of an idea, esp. in words other than those of the immediate context, without imparting additional force or clearness, as in "widow women"
the attitude of a narrator or writer toward the subject
the use of a word or expression to preform two syntactic functions, esp. to modify two or more words of which at least one does not agree in number, case, or gender, as the use of are in neither he not we are willing (ex. Lust conquers shame, boldness fear, and madness reason.)

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