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AP English Literature and Composition Kaplan Vocabulary 2014 Flashcards

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7976121969AllegoryA prose or poetic narrative in which the characters, behavior, and even the setting demonstrates multiple levels of meaning and significance.0
7976121970AlliterationThe sequential repetition of similar initial sound, usually applied to consonants, usually heard in closely proximate stressed syllables.1
7976121971Allusiona reference to a literary or historical event, person, or place.2
7976121972Anapestica metrical foot in poetry that consists of two unstressed syllables followed by one stressed.3
7976121973Anaphorathe regular repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases or clauses.4
7976121974Anecdotea brief story or tale told by a character in a piece of literature.5
7976121975Antagonistany force that was in opposition to the main character, or the protagonist.6
7976121976Antithesisthe juxtaposition of sharply contrasting ideas in balanced or parallel words, phrases, grammatical structure, or ideas.7
7976121977Apostrophean address or invocation to something that is inanimate.8
7976121978Archetyperecurrent designs, patterns of action, character types, themes, or images which are identifiable in a wide range of literature.9
7976121979Assonancea repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds, usual those found in stressed syllables of close proximity.10
7976121980Asyndetiona writing style that omits conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses11
7976121981Attitudethe sense expressed by the tone of voice and or the mood of a piece of writing, the feelings the author holds toward his subject, the people in his narrative, the events, the setting, or event he theme.12
7976121982Ballada narrative poem that is, oroigianlly was, meant to be sung13
7976121983Ballad Stanzaa common stanza form, consisting of a quantrain that alternates four beat and three beat lines.14
7976121984Blank Versethe verse form that most resembles common speech, blank verse consists of unrhymed lines in iambic pentameter.15
7976121985Caesuraa pause in a line of verse, indicated by natural speech patterns rather than due to specific metrical patterns.16
7976121986Caricaturea depiction on which a character's characteristics or features are so deliberately exaggerated as to render them absurd.17
7976121987Chiasmusa figure of speech by which the order of the terms in the first of two parallel clauses is reversed in the second. "pleasures a sin, and sometimes sin is a pleasure"18
7976121988Colloquialordinary language, a vernacular19
7976121989Conceita comparison of two unlikely things that is drawn out within a piece of literature, in particular an extended metaphor within a poem.20
7976121990Connotationwhat is suggested by a word, apart from what is explicitly describes, often referred to as the implied meaning of a word.21
7976121991consonancethe repetition of a sequence of two or more consonants, but with a change in the intervening vowels.22
7976121992Couplettwo rhyming lines of iambic pentameter that together present a single idea or connection.23
7976121993Dactylica metrical foot in poetry that consists of two stressed syllables followed by on unstressed syllable.24
7976121994Denotationa direct and specific meaning, often referred to as the dictionary meaning of a word.25
7976121995Denouenmentthe final resolution of the main conflict in a play or story. It generally follows the climax26
7976121996Dialectthe language and speech idiosyncrasies of a specific area, region, or group of people.27
7976121997Dictiona specific word choice an author uses to persuade or convey tone, purpose, or effect28
7976121998Dramatic monologuea monologue set in a specific situation and spoken to an imaginary audience.29
7976121999Elegya poetic lament upon the death of a particular person, usually ending in consolation30
7976122000Enjambmentthe continuation of a sentence from one line or couplet of a poem to the next.31
7976122001Epica poem that celebrates, in a continuous narrative, that achievements of mighty heroes and heroines, often concerned with the founding of a nation or developing of a culture, it uses elevated languages an grand, high style.32
7976122002Expositionthat part of the structure that sets the scene, introduces and identifies characters, and established the situation at the beginning of a story or play.33
7976122003Extended metaphora detailed and complex metaphor that extends over a long section of a work, also known as a conceit34
7976122004Fablea legend or short moral story often using animals as characters35
7976122005Falling actionthat part of plot structure in which the complications of the rising actions are untangled.36
7976122006Farcea play or scene in a play or book that is characterized by broad humor, wild antics, and often slapstick and physical humor37
7976122007Flashbackretrospection, where an earlier event is inserted into the normal chronology of the narrative38
7976122008Foreshadowingto hint at or to present an indication of the future beforehand39
7976122009Formal dictionlanguage that is lofty, dignified, and impersonal.40
7976122010Free versepoetry that is characterized by varying line lengths, lack of traditional meter, and non-rhyming lines.41
7976122011Genrea type or class of literature such as epic o r narrative or poetry or belles lettres.42
7976122012Hyperboleoverstatement characterized by exaggerated language.43
7976122013Iambica metrical foot in poetry that consists of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable44
7976122014Idylla short poem describing a country or pastoral scene, praising the simplicity and peace of rustic life.45
7976122015Imagerybroadly defined, any sensory detail or evocation in a work, more narrowly, the use of figurative language to evoke a feeling, to call to mind an idea, or to describe an object.46
7976122016Informal Dictionlanguage that is not as lofty or impersonal as formal diction, similar to everyday speech47
7976122017In medias res"in the midst of things", refers to opening a story in the middle of the action, necessitation filling in past details by exposition or flashback.48
7976122018Ironya situation or statement characterized by significant difference between what is expected or understood and what actually happens or is meant.49
7976122019Jargonspecialized or technical language of a trade, profession, or similar group.50
7976122020Juxtapostitionthe location of one things as being adjacent or juxtaposed with another. This placing of two items side by side creates a certain effect, reveals an attitude, or accomplishes some purpose of the writer.51
7976122021Limited point of viewa perspective confined to a single character, whether a first person or third person, the reader cannot know for sure what is going on tin the minds of other characters.52
7976122022Litotea figure of speech that emphasized its subject by conscious understatement.53
7976122023Loose sentencea sentence grammatically complete and usually stating its main idea before the end.54
7976122024Lyricoriginally designated poems meant to be sung to the accompaniment of a lyre, now any short poem in which the speaker expresses intense personal emotion rather that describing a narrative or dramatic situation55
7976122025Messagea misleading term for theme, the central idea or statement of a story, or area of inquiry or explanation, misleading because it suggests a simple, packages statement that pre-exists and for the simple communication of which the story is written.56
7976122026Metaphorone thing pictured as if it were something else, suggestion a likeness or analogy between them. It is an implicit comparison or identification of one thing with another unlike itself without the use of a verbal signal such as lik or as, which is a simile.57
7976122027Meterthe more or less regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry.58
7976122028metonymya figure of speech in which an attribute or commonly associated feature is used to name or designate something as in "the white house announced today..."59
7976122029Mooda feeling or ambiance resulting rom the tone of a piece as well as the writer/narrator's attitude and point of view. This effect is fabricated through descriptions of feelings or objects that establish a sense of fear...ect.60
7976122030Motifa recurrent device, formula, or situation that often serves as a signal for the appearance of a character or event.61
7976122031Narrative structurea textual organization based on sequences of connected events, usually presented in a straightforward, chronological framework.62
7976122032Narratorthe "character" who "tells" the story, or in poetry, the persona63
7976122033Occasional poema poem written about or for a specific occasion, public or private.64
7976122034Odea lyric poem that is somewhat serious in subject and treatment, is elevated in style, and sometimes uses elaborate stanza structure, which is often patterned in sets of three.65
7976122035Omniscient point of viewalso called unlimited focus: a perspective that can be seen from one character's view, then another's then another's or can be moved in or out of the mind of any character at any time. The reader has access to the perceptions ant thoughts of all the characters in a story.66
7976122036Onomatopoeiaa word capturing or approximation the sound of what it describes, "buzz" is a good example.67
7976122037Overstatementexaggerated language68
7976122038Oxymorona figure of speech that combines two apparently contradictory element, sometimes resulting in a humorous image or statement.69
7976122039Parablea short fiction that illustrates an explicit moral lesson through the use of analogy.70
7976122040Paradoxa statement that seems contradictory but may actually be true.71
7976122041Parallel structurethe use of similar forms in writing for nouns, verbs, phrases, or thoughts.72
7976122042Parodya work that imitates another work for comic effect by exaggerating the style and changing the content of the original.73
7976122043Pastorala work that describes the simple life of country folk, usually shepherds who live a timeless, painless life in a world full of beauty music, and love.74
7976122044Periodic sentencea sentence that is not grammatically complete until the end.75
7976122045Personathe voice or figure of the author who tells and structures the story and who may or may not share the values of the actual author.76
7976122046Personificationtreating an abstraction or nonhman object as if it were a person by endowing it with human qualities.77
7976122047Petrarchan sonnetalso called italian sonnet: a sonnet form that divides the poem into one section of eight lines and second section of six lines, usually following the abba abba cde cde rhyme scheme, though the sestet's rhyme varies.78
7976122048Plotthe arrangement of the narration based on the cause-effect relationship of the events.79
7976122049Protagonistthe main character in a work, who may or may not be heroic.80
7976122050Quatraina poetic stanza of four lines81
7976122051Realismthe practice in literature of attempting to describe nature and life without idealization and with attention to detail.82
7976122052Refraina repeated stanza or line in a poem or song83
7976122053Rhetorical questiona question that is asked simply for stylistic effect and is not expected to be answered84
7976122054Rhymethe repetition of the same or similar sounds, most often at the ends of lines.85
7976122055Rhythmthe modulation of weak and strong element in the flow of speech86
7976122056Rising actionthe development of action in a work, usually at the beginning.87
7976122057Sarcasma form of verbal irony in which apparent praise is actually harshly or bitterly critical.88
7976122058Satirea literary work that holds up human failing to ridicule and censure89
7976122059Scansionthe analysis of verse to show its meter90
7976122060Settingthe time and place of the action i na tory, poem, or play91
7976122061Shakespearean sonnetalso called an English sonnet: a sonnet form that divides the poem into three units of four lines each and a final unit of two lines, usually abab cdcd efef gg92
7976122062Shaped verseanother name for concrete poetry: poetry that is shaped to look like an object93
7976122063Similea direct, explicit compariosn of one thing to another, usually using the words like or as to draw the connection.94
7976122064Sliloquya monologue in which the character in a play is alone and speaking only to himself.95
7976122065Speakerthe person, not necessarily the author, who is the voice of a poem96
7976122066Stanzaa section of a poem demarcated by extra line spacing. some distinguish a stanza, a division marked by a single pattern of meter or rhyme, form a verse paragraph, a division marked by thought rather than pattern.97
7976122067stereotypea characterization based on conscious or unconscious assumptions that some aspect, such as gender, age, ethnic or national identity, religion, occupation...ect.98
7976122068Stock characterone who appears in a number of stories or plays such as the cruel stepmother, the femme fatal, ect.99
7976122069stucturethe organization or arrangement of the various elements in a work100
7976122070Stylea distinctive manner of expression, each author's style is expressed through his or her diction, rhythm, imagery, an so on. It is a writer's typical way of writing101
7976122071Symbolisma person, place, thing, event, or pattern in a literary work that designates itself and at the same time figuratively represents or "stands for" something else.102
7976122072Syenecdochewhen a part is used to signify a whole.103
7976122073Syntaxthe way words are put together to form phrases, clauses, and sentences.104
7976122074Terza rimaa verse from consisting of three-line stanzas in which the second line of each rhymes with the first and third of the next105
7976122075themea generalized, abstract paraphrase of the inferred central or dominant idea or concern of a work, the statement a poem makes about its subject.106
7976122076Tonethe attitude a literary work takes toward its subject and theme; the tenor of a pice of writing based on particular stylistic devices employed by the writer107
7976122077Tragedya drama in which as character is brought to a disastrous end in his or her confrontation with a superior force.108
7976122078trochaica metrical foot in poetry that is the opposite of iambic. the first syllable is stressed, the second is not.109
7976122079Turning pointthe third part of plot structure, the point at which the action stops rising and begins falling or reversing.110
7976122080Verisimilitudethe quality or characteristic of being true or real.111
7976122081Villanellea verse form consisting of 19 lines divided into six stanzas-five tercets, and one quatrain. the first and third line of the first tercet thyme, and this rhyme is repeated through each of the next four tercets and in the last two lines of the concluding quatrain112
7976122082Voicethe acknowledged or unacknowledged source of the words of the story, the speaker, the "person" telling the story or poem.113

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