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AP English Literature and Composition Vocabulary Flashcards

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4142433758AbstractComplex, discusses intangible qualities like good and evil, seldom uses examples to support its points0
4142433759AcademicDry and rhetorical writing; sucking all the life out of its subject with analysis.1
4142435058AccentIn poetry, the stressed portion of a word2
4142435059AestheticAppealing to the senses; a coherent sense of taste.3
4142435935AllegoryA story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself.4
4142438055AbecedarianArranged alphabetically.5
4142440709AlliterationThe repetition of initial consonant sounds.6
4142440710AllusionA reference to another work or famous figure.7
4142442163AmbibranchA poetic foot -- heavy, light, light8
4142444459Anachronism"Misplaced in time." An aspect of a story that doesn't belong in its supposed time setting.9
4142444460AnalogyA comparison, usually involving two or more symbolic parts, employed to clarify an action or a relationship.10
4142445504AnapestA poetic foot -- light, light, heavy11
4142445505AubadeMorning love song (as opposed to a serenade, which is in the evening), or a song or poem about lovers separating at dawn. It has also been defined as "a song or instrumental composition concerning, accompanying, or evoking daybreak12
4142448334AnaphoraThe repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses.13
4142454518AntithesisA person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else.14
4142454519AnastropheThe inversion of the usual order of words or clauses.15
4142455992AnecdoteA short Narrative16
4142455993AntecedentThe word, phrase, or clause that determines what a pronoun refers to.17
4142457964AnthropomorphismWhen inanimate objects are given human characteristics. Often confused with personification.18
4142460315AnticlimaxOccurs when an action produces far smaller results than one had been led to expect.19
4142460316AntiheroA protagonist who is markedly unheroic: morally weak, cowardly, dishonest, or any number of other unsavory qualities.20
4142461676AntagonistA person or a group of people who opposes a protagonist.21
4142462950AphorismA short and usually witty saying.22
4142462951ApostropheA figure of speech wherein the speaker talks directly to something that is nonhuman.23
4142463761ArchaismA thing that is very old or old-fashioned.24
4142463762AsideA speech (usually just a short comment) made by an actor to the audience, as though momentarily stepping outside of the action on stage.25
4142463763AspectA particular part or feature of something.26
4142464861AssonanceThe repeated use of vowel sounds: "Old king Cole was a merry old soul."27
4142466169AtmosphereThe emotional tone or background that surrounds a scene.28
4142483346BalladA long, narrative poem, usually in meter and rhyme. Typically has a naïve folksy quality.29
4142483347Blank VerseUnrhymed iambic pentameter.30
4142484585BathosWriting strains for grandeur it can't support and tries too hard to be a tear jerker.31
4142484586Black HumorThe use of disturbing themes in comedy.32
4142485570BombastPretentious, exaggeratedly learned language.33
4142485571BurlesqueBroad parody, one that takes a style or form and exaggerates it into ridiculousness.34
4142486787Blues PoemBlues Poems are poems that often talk about the struggles and depressions of the writer and his surrounding. Like the blues songs from the African- American singer, blues poems also show the fight and the determination to overcome the said difficulty35
4142486788BildungsromanA German word referring to a novel structured as a series of events that take place as the hero travels in quest of a goal.36
4142492230BenedictionThe utterance or bestowing of a blessing, especially at the end of a religious service37
4152988936CacophonyIn poetry, deliberately harsh awkward sounds.38
4152988937CadenceThe beat or rhythm of poetry in a general sense.39
4152988938CantoThe name for a section division in a long work of poetry.40
4152988939CaricatureA portrait (verbal or otherwise) that exaggerates a facet of personality41
4152988940CaesuraA break between words within a metrical foot.42
4152988941CatharsisDrawn from Aristotle's wtitings on tragedy. Refers to the "cleansing" of emotion an audience member experiences during a play.43
4152988942CharacterA person in a novel, play, or movie.44
4152988943ChorusIn Greek drama, the group of citizens who stand outside the main action on stage and comment on it.45
4152988944ClassicTypical, or an accepted masterpiece.46
4152988945CoinageA new word, usually one invented on the spot.47
4152988946ColloquialismA word or phrase used in everyday conversational English that isn't a part of accepted "school-book" English.48
4152988947Complex (dense)Suggesting that there is more than one possibility in the meaning of words; subtleties and variations; multiple layers of interpretation; meaning both explicit and implicit.49
4152988948Conciet (controlling image)A starting or unusual metaphor, or a developed and expanded upon several times.50
4152988949Comic ReliefComic episodes in a dramatic or literary work that offset more serious sections.51
4152988950ConflictMay be internal or external—that is, it may occur within a character's mind or between a character and exterior forces, (or point(s) of view)52
4152988951ConnotationEverything other than the literal meaning that a word suggests or implies53
4152988952ConventionDefining features of particularliterary genres, such as novel, short story, ballad, sonnet, and play.54
4152988953CoupletA pair of lines that end in a rhyme.55
4152988954ConsonanceThe repetition of consonant sounds within words.56
4152988955ClichéA phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought.57
4152988956CinquainA five-line stanza.58
4152988957Closed FormAlso known as fixed form, consists of poemsthat follow patterns of lines, meter, rhymes and stanzas, the poet follows specific rules to fit a model.59
4152988958ClimaxThe most intense, exciting, or important point of something; a culmination or apex.60
4152988959ComplicationAn intensification of the conflict in a story or play. It builds up, accumulates, and develops the primary or central conflict in aliterary work.61
4159969013DactylA poetic foot -- light, light, heavy.62
4159969014DenotationThe literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests.63
4159969015DenouementThe final part of a play, movie, or narrative in which the strands of the plot are drawn together and matters are explained or resolved.64
4159969016Deus Ex MachinaAn unexpected power or event saving a seemingly hopeless situation, especially as a contrived plot device in a play or novel.65
4159969017DictionThe choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.66
4159969018Dramatic MonologueA poem in the form of a speech or narrative by an imagined person, in which the speaker inadvertently reveals aspects of their character while describing a particular situation or series of events.67
4159969019DecorumThe requirement that individual characters, the characters' actions, and the style of speech should be matched to each other and to the genre in which they appear.68
4159969020DirgeA mournful song, piece of music, or poem.69
4159969021DissonanceA lack of harmony among musical notes.70
4159969022DoggerelComic verse composed in irregular rhythm.71
4159969023Dramatic IronyIrony that is inherent in speeches or asituation of a drama and is understood bythe audience but not grasped by thecharacters in the play.72
4159969024DidacticIntended to teach, particularly in having moral instruction as an ulterior motive.73
4159969025DialogueConversation between two or more people as a feature of a book, play, or movie.74
4175390517Elegya sad poem, usually written to praise and express sorrow for someone who is dead. Although a speech at a funeral is a eulogy, you might later compose an _____to someone you have loved and lost to the grave.75
4175390518Epica lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation.76
4175393214Enjambmentthe continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza.77
4175394629Epigrama pithy saying or remark expressing an idea in a clever and amusing way.78
4175394630Euphonythe quality of being pleasing to the ear, especially through a harmonious combination of words.79
4175398407Expositionthe writer's way to give background information to the audience about the setting and the characters of the story.80
4175402999Epistle/Epistolaryrelating to or denoting the writing of letters or literary works in the form of letters.81
4175403000ElisionThe cutting off or suppression of a vowel or syllable, for the sake of meter or euphony; esp., in poetry, the dropping of a final vowel standing before an initial vowel in the following word, when the two words are drawn together.82
4175404256Elementsparts of a story: theme, conflict, climax, etc.83
4175406876Epitapha phrase or statement written in memory of a person who has died, especially as an inscription on a tombstone.84
4175406877Euphemisma mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.85
4175408206Explicitstated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt.86
4189688242Fablea short story, typically with animals as characters, conveying a moral.87
4189688243Figurative Languagelanguagethat uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation.88
4189688244Flashbacka sudden and vivid memory of an event in the past.89
4189688245Footgroup of syllables constituting a metrical unit. In English poetry it consists of stressed and unstressed syllables, while in ancient classical poetry it consists of long and short syllables.90
4189688246Foreshadowinga warning or indication of a future event.91
4189688247Forman arrangement of the elements in a composition or discourse; "the essay was in the form of a dialogue"; "he first sketches the plot in outline form"92
4189688248Free Versepoetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter.93
4189688249Foilthe character serves to highlight one or more attributes of another character, often the protagonist, by providing a contrast.94
4189688250First Personpoint of view where the story is narrated by one character at a time.95
4189688251Feminine Rhymea rhyme between stressed syllables followed by one or more unstressed syllables.96
4189688252FarceComic dramatic work using buffoonery and horseplay and typically including crude characterization and ludicrously improbable situations.97
4189688253Falling Actionthe parts of a story after the climax and before the very end.98
4189688254Falling MeterRefers to trochees and dactyls. A stressed syllable followed by one or two unstressed syllables)99
4191758339Gothicgenre of literature and film that combines fiction, horror, death and romance100
4191758340Genrecategory of literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.101
4191759686Homilycommentary that follows a reading of scripture.102
4191759687Hubrisexcessive pride toward or defiance of the gods, leading to nemesis.103
4191760102Hyperbole1.exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.104
4226644115In Media Resinto the middle of a narrative; without preamble.105
4226644116Implicitimplied though not plainly expressed.106
4226644117Imperfect Rhymea rhyme in which there is only a partial matching of sounds.107
4226644118Iamba metrical foot consisting of one short (or unstressed) syllable followed by one long (or stressed) syllable.108
4226644119Interior Monologuea piece of writing expressing a character's inner thoughts.109
4226644120Invocationthe action of invoking something or someone for assistance or as an authority.110
4226644121Inversionthe action of inverting something or the state of being inverted.111
4226644122Ironythe expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.112
4226644123Impressionisma theory or practice in painting especially among French painters of about 1870 of depicting the natural appearances of objects by means of dabs or strokes of primary unmixed colors in order to simulate actual reflected light.113
4226644124Imageryvisually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work.114
4226644125Idyllan extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque episode or scene, typically an idealized or unsustainable one.115
4236141583Juxtapositionthe fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.116
4236141584Jargonspecial words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand.117
4244092001Lamenta passionate expression of grief or sorrow.118
4244092002Lampoonpublicly criticizing someone or something by using ridicule, irony, or sarcasm.119
4244092003Limited Omniscientsimilar to the omniscient point of view, but it is a limitedviewpoint. The narrator only knows the thoughts and feelings of one character.120
4244092004Loose Sentencea sentence that does not end with thecompletion of its main clause, but continueswith one or more subordinate clauses orother modifiers.121
4244092005Lyric Poetrya type of emotional songlike poetry,distinguished from dramatic and narrative poetry.122
4251017756Masculine Rhymerhyme that matches only one syllable, usually at the end of respective lines. Often the final syllable is stressed.123
4251017757Melodramaa dramatic piece with exaggerated characters and exciting events intended to appeal to the emotions124
4251017758Metaphora figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.125
4251017759Metonymyfigure of speech in which a thing or concept is called not by its own name but rather by the name of something associated in meaning with that thing or concept.126
4251017760Meterunit of rhythm in poetry, the pattern of the beats. It is also called a foot.127
4251017761Monologuelong speech by one actor in a play or movie, or as part of a theatrical or broadcast program.128
4251017762Motifdistinctive feature or dominant idea in a literary composition.129
4251017763Magical Realismliterary or artistic genre in which realistic narrative and naturalistic technique are combined with surreal elements of dream or fantasy.130
4251017764Metaphysical Poetrydescribes a loose group of English lyric poets of the 17th century, whose work was characterized by the inventive use of conceits, and by speculation about topics such as love or religion.131
4272470668Nemesisthe inescapable agent of someone's or something's downfall. / enemy.132
4272470669Narratora person who narrates something, especially a character who recounts the events of a novel or narrative poem.133
4272470670Narrative Poempoetry that tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well; the entire story is usually written in metred verse.134
4272470671Objectivitystate or quality of being true even outside of a subject's individual biases, interpretations, feelings, and imaginings.135
4272470672Objectiverelating to, or denoting a case of nouns and pronouns used as the object of a transitive verb or a preposition.136
4272470673Octavea poem or stanza of eight lines; an octet.137
4272470674Open Formconsists of poems that do not follow patterns of lines, meter, rhymes, and stanzas.138
4272470675Odea lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner and written in varied or irregular meter.139
4272470676Omniscientthe narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of all of the characters in the story, as opposed to third person limited, which adheres closely to one character's perspective.140
4272470677Onomatopoeiathe formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named.141
4272470678Oppositionresistance or dissent, expressed in action or argument.142
4272470679Oxymorona figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction.143
4288362135Parablea simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson, as told by Jesus in the Gospels.144
4288362136Paradoxa seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true.145
4288362137Parallelismthe use of successive verbal constructions in poetry or prose that correspond in grammatical structure, sound, meter, meaning, etc.146
4288362138Parenthetical Phrasean explanatory or qualifying word, clause, or sentence inserted into a passage.147
4288362140Parodyan imitation of the style of a particular writer, artist, or genre with deliberate exaggeration for comic effect.148
4288362141Point of Viewthe narrator's position in relation to the story being told.149
4288362142Pastorala work of literature portraying an idealized version of country life.150
4288362143Puna joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound alike but have different meanings.151
4288362144Pathosa quality that evokes pity or sadness.152
4288362145Pentametera line of verse consisting of five metrical feet, or (in Greek and Latin verse) of two halves each of two feet and a long syllable.153
4288362146Periodic Sentencea stylistic device employed at the sentence level, described as one that is not complete grammatically or semantically before the final clause or phrase.154
4288362147Personificationthe attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.155
4288362148Plainta complaint; a lamentation.156
4288362149Preludea short piece of music, the form of which may vary from piece to piece. The prelude may be thought of as a preface.157
4288362150Protagonistthe leading character or one of the major characters in a drama, movie, novel, or other fictional text.158
4288362151PyrrhieA poetic foot -- light,light159
4288362152Parallel Plottwo plots share almost equal footing. This happens when strong protagonists carry each plot.160
4288362153Plotthe main events of a play, novel, movie, or similar work, devised and presented by the writer as an interrelated sequence.161
4288362154Personathe aspect of someone's character that is presented to or perceived by others.162
4288444820Paraphrasea rewording of something written or spoken by someone else.163
4291752206Quatraina stanza of four lines, especially one having alternate rhymes.164
4291752207RequiemMass in the Catholic Church offered for the repose of the soul or souls of one or more deceased persons.165
4291752208Refraina repeated line or number of lines in a poem or song, typically at the end of each verse.166
4291752209Rhapsodyan epic poem, or part of it, of a suitable length for recitation at one time.167
4291752210Rhetorical Questiona question that you ask without expecting an answer. The question might be one that does not have an answer.168
4291752211Rhythma strong, regular, repeated pattern of movement or sound.169
4291752212Romanticisman artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850.170
4291752213Repetitionthe action of repeating something that has already been said or written.171
4291752214Rising Metermove from an unstressed syllable to a stressed syllable. anapestic and iambic meters.172
4320587707Satirethe use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues.173
4320587708Settingthe place or type of surroundings where something is positioned or where an event takes place.174
4320587709Sonneta poem of fourteen lines using any of a number of formal rhyme schemes, in English typically having ten syllables per line.175
4320587710Stylea distinctive appearance, typically determined by the principles according to which something is designed.176
4320587711Symbola thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract.177
4320587712Symbolismthe use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.178
4320587713Stock Charactersa stereotypical person whom audiences readily recognize from frequent recurrences in a particular literary tradition.179
4320587714Subjectivityrefers to how someone's judgment is shaped by personal opinions and feelings instead of outside influences.180
4320587715Scansionthe action of scanning a line of verse to determine its rhythm.181
4320587716Similea figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid.182
4320587717Spondeea foot consisting of two long (or stressed) syllables.183
4320587718Subplota subordinate plot in a play, novel, or similar work.184
4320587719Synecdochea figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa.185
4320587720Stream of Conciousnessa person's thoughts and conscious reactions to events, perceived as a continuous flow.186
4320587721Subjunctive Moodexpresses a condition which is doubtful or not factual.187
4320587722Sestetthe last six lines of a sonnet.188
4320587723Soliloquyan act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of any hearers, especially by a character in a play.189
4320587724Stanzaa group of lines forming the basic recurring metrical unit in a poem; a verse.190
4320587725Subtextan underlying and often distinct theme in a piece of writing or conversation.191
4320587726Syntaxthe arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.192
4320587727Sestinaa fixed verse form consisting of six stanzas of six lines each, normally followed by a three-line envoi.193
4320587728Synesthesiathe production of a sense impression relating to one sense or part of the body by stimulation of another sense or part of the body.194
4320587729ScapegoatA person or group that is made to bear blame for others.195
4320587730Sarcasmthe use of irony to mock or convey contempt.196
4327723717Themethe subject of a talk, a piece of writing, a person's thoughts, or an exhibition; a topic.197
4327723718Thesisa statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved.198
4327723719Tonethe general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc.199
4327723720Transitionthe process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another.200
4327723721Tragic Flawliterary device that can be defined as a trait in a character leading to his downfall and the character is often the hero of the literary piece.201
4327723722Trimetera line of verse consisting of three metrical feet.202
4327723723Terceta set or group of three lines of verse rhyming together or connected by rhyme.203
4327723724Tragic Heroa person of noble birth with heroic or potentially heroic qualities.204
4327723725Trocheea foot consisting of one long or stressed syllable followed by one short or unstressed syllable.205
4327723726Tetrametera verse of four measures.206
4327723727Travestya false, absurd, or distorted representation of something.207
4327723728Truisma statement that is obviously true and says nothing new or interesting.208
4337223626Understatementthe presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is.209
4337223627Unreliable Narratora narrator, whether in literature, film, or theatre, whose credibility has been seriously compromised.210
4337223628Utopiastrictly describes any non-existent society 'described in considerable detail.211
4337223629Villanellea nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain.212
4337223630Voiceexpress (something) in words.213
4350866130ZeugmaA figure if speech in which a word applies to two others in different senses.214

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