AP ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH AP ENVIRONMENTAL BARRON REVIEW
Terms : Hide Images
| 165602251 | acute | having or experiencing a rapid onset and short but severe course. | |
| 165602252 | bio accumulation | the process by which substances accumulate in the tissues of living organisms; especially toxic substances that accumulate via a food chain. | |
| 165602253 | bio magnification | the process whereby concentrations of certain substances increase with each step up the food chain. | |
| 165602254 | cap-and-trade policy | a pollution reduction strategy that involves two parties the governing body and the regulated companies or units emitting pollution. The government sets a cap on pollution, limiting the amount of carbon dioxide and other harmful output that companies, or other groups, are allowed to release. The government then issues credits that allow companies to pollute a certain amount, as long as the aggregate pollution equals less than the set cap. | |
| 165602255 | chronic | characterized by long suffering or frequent recurrence. | |
| 165602256 | cost-benefit analysis | an analysis of the cost effectiveness of different alternatives in order to see whether the benefits outweigh the costs. | |
| 165602257 | disease | illness or sickness often characterized by typical symptoms and physical signs. | |
| 165602258 | dose-response curve | describes the change in effect on an organism caused by differing levels of exposure (or doses) to a stressor (usually a chemical) after a certain exposure time. | |
| 165602259 | dose-response relationship | relationship between exposure levels and adverse effects. | |
| 165602260 | EC50 | the concentration of a drug antibody, or toxicant that induces a response halfway between the baseline and maximum after some specified exposure time. Commonly used as a measure of a drug's potency. | |
| 165602261 | ED50 | also known as the effective dose. The amount of drug that produces a therapeutic response in 50% of the people taking it. | |
| 165602262 | externalities | by-products of activities that affect the well-being of people or damage the environment, where those impacts are not reflected in market prices. | |
| 165602263 | green taxes | also known as ecotaxes. Taxes intended to promote ecologically sustainable activities via economic incentives. | |
| 165602264 | infection | the state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms. | |
| 165602265 | LD50 | the amount of a substance required to kill half a given population. | |
| 165602266 | marginal cost | the change in cost that results from producing one more unit of production. | |
| 165602267 | market permit | a governmental approach used to control pollution by providing economic incentives for achieving reductions in emissions of pollutants. Companies buy market permits, which allow a certain level of pollution. If the company can reduce its pollution level, then the company can sell a portion of the permit to other companies that cannot meet pollution control standards. | |
| 165602268 | NGO non-governmental organization | An organization that is not part of the local, state, or federal government (e.g., Green Peace). | |
| 165602269 | pathogen | any disease-producing agent, especially a virus, bacterium, or other microorganism. | |
| 165602270 | poison | any substance that causes injury, illness, or death of a living organism. | |
| 165602271 | risk assessment | the overall process of identifying all the risks to and from an activity and assessing the potential impact of each risk. | |
| 165602272 | risk management | a strategy developed to reduce or control the chance of harm or loss to one's health or life; the process of identifying, evaluating, selecting, and implementing actions to reduce risk to human health and to ecosystems. | |
| 165602273 | sustainability | how biological systems remain diverse and productive over time. | |
| 165602274 | threshold dose | the minimum dose that will produce a detectable degree of any given effect. | |
| 165602275 | toxicity | the degree to which something is poisonous. | |
| 165602276 | toxin | a poisonous substance produced by living cells or organisms. | |
| 165602277 | vector | any agent (person, animal, or microorganism) that carries and transmits a disease (e.g., mosquitoes are vectors of malaria and yellow fever). |
