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AP Environmental Science Food Flashcards

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8255638330UndernutritionNot consuming enough calories to be healthy.0
8255638331Malnourished(3 billion, 1/2 of population). Having a diet that lacks the correct balance of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals; Regardless of calories,1
8255638332Food Security- Condition in which people have access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs for an active and healthy life.2
8255638333Food InsecurityRefers to the condition in which people do not have adequate access to food.3
8255638334FamineCondition in which food insecurity is so extreme that large #'s of deaths occur in a given area over a relatively short period.4
8255638336OvernutritionThe ingestion of too many calories and improper foods, which causes a person to become overweight (Est. 1 billion).5
8255638341Green RevolutionA shift in agricultural practices in the 20th century that included new management techniques and mechanization as well as the triad of fertilization, irrigation and improved crop varieties. These changes increased food production drastically.6
8255638349PesticidesSubstances, either natural or synthetic, that kill or control pests.7
8255638350InsecticidesPesticides that target species of insects and other invertebrates that eat crops.8
8255638351HerbicidesPesticides that target plant species that compete with crops.9
8255638353Selective PesticidesPesticides that target a narrow range of organisms.10
8255638356Pesticide resistanceThose individuals who survive the pesticide11
8255638357Pesticide TreadmillA positive feedback pesticide cycle; Pesticide Development -> Survivors/Immune -> more pesticides developed.12
8255638367No-Till AgricultureAgricultural method in which farmers do not turn said between seasons; avoid soil degradation / erosion that comes with conventional agricultural techniques.13
8255638368Integrated Pest Management (IPM)An agricultural practice that uses a variety of techniques designed to minimize pesticide outputs; Ex. crop rotation + intercropping + pest resistant crops...14
8255638369Organic AgricultureProduction of crops without the use of synthetic pesticides or fertilizers.15
8255638370Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFO)A large indoor or outdoor structures designed for maximum output.16
8255638371FisheryCommercially harvestable population of fish within an ecological region.17
8255638372Fishery CollapseDecline of a fish population by at least 90%18
8255638373BycatchUnintentional Catches. Significantly reduced population of fish species such as sharks, sea turtles and endangered other organisms.19
8255638375AquacultureFarmings of aquatic organisms like shellfish, fish or seaweed; ex. US catfish, trout, shrimp and salmon raised this way.20
8255689673Seed Banksinstitutions that preserve seed types as living museums of genetic diversity21
8255692599BiotechnologyThe manipulation of living organisms or their components to produce useful products.22
8255695261Life-Cycle AnalysisA process that attempts to identify the effect a product has on resources over its entire lifetime.23
8256020935BiocontrolThe use of a species to control the population growth or spread of an undesirable species24
8256024588Bt Corngenetically modified corn that enters stomach of pest and kills them25
8256042178Precautionary PrinciplePrinciple of preventing premature extinction of species as a result of our activities. A principle based on the belief that action should be taken against a plausible environmental hazard26
8256048733Sustainable AgricultureAgricultural practices that work to preserve and enhance environmental quality. Agricultural practice that preserves and enhances environmental quality27

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