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AP ES Ch 6 Flashcards

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7733372210Biotic PotentialThe maximum reproductive rate an organism can have if they have unlimited resources and ideal environmental conditions0
7733393376Exponential GrowthGrowth at a constant rate of increase per unit time. J curve1
7733404434carrying capactiyThe maximum number of individuals of one species that can be supported by a particular ecosystem on a long term basis2
7733454812Population CrashA sudden decline in population caused by predation, waste accumulation or resource depletion (also called dieback)3
7733467132Logistic Growthgrowth rates regulated by internal and external factors that establish an equilibrium with environmental resources. S curve4
7733481541Density dependent factorsBiotic factors that tend to reduce population size when the population increases like food, space, diseases, predation.5
7733493921Density Independent FactorsBbiotic factors that may reduce population size regardless of size of population like fire, temp, floods, droughts6
7733505702r-selected SpeciesOrganisms with high reproductive rate (r) but little or no care to offspring which have high mortality. Ex: seeds, most insects7
7733518167K-selected speciesOrganisms whose growth slows as the carrying capacity (K) of their environment is approached. Produce few offspring, care for young and have longer generation times. ex: elephants, wolves8
7733532434Environmental ResistanceAll the limiting factors that tend to reduce population growth rates and set the maximum allowable population size (carrying capacity)9
7733539153Natalityratio of number of births to the size of the population. birth rate10
7733543163Mortalityratio of number of deaths to the size of the populations. death rate11
7733547810Immigrationnumber of individuals entering a population12
7733551205EmigrationNumber of individuals leaving a population13
7733556000Life spanThe longest duration of life reached by a type of organism14
7733560320Survivorshippercentage of the population reaching a given age, or the proportion of the maximum life span of the species reached by any individual15
7733569170Life expectancyThe average age that individuals born in a particular time and place can be expected to live16
7733575732Biotic factorscaused by living organisms17
7733580554Abiotic factorscaused by nonliving components of the environment.18
7733589391Intrinsic factorsoperating within individual organisms or between organisms of the same species19
7733594214Extrinsic factorsImposed from outside the population20
7733597402Interspecific competitioncompetition for resources between members of a DIFFERENT species in a community21
7733615283Intraspecific speciesCompetition for resources among members of the SAME species in a community22
7733624050Island BiogeographyThe study of rates of colonization and extinction of species on islands, or other isolated areas, based on size, shape and distance from inhabited regions.23
7733631750Genetic DriftThe gradual changes in gene frequencies in a SMALL population due to random events.24
7733639750Founder effect/demographic bottleneckA population founded when just a few members of a specie survive a catastrophic event or colonize new habitat geographically isolated from other members of the same species25
7733647865Minimum Viable population sizethe number of individuals needed for long term survival of rare and endangered species26
7733653769Metapopulationa collection of populations that have regular or intermittent gene flow between geographically separate units.27

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