finished!
Terms : Hide Images
| 5544243886 | natural philosophy | an early modern term for the study of the universe, its purpose, and how it functioned; it encompassed what we would call "science" today | 0 | |
| 5544271744 | ptolemy | second century Greek scholar who said that planets moved in small circles, called epicycles, each of which moved in turn along a larger circle or deferant |  | 1 |
| 5544317615 | first important development in the scientific revolution | medieval university | 2 | |
| 5544352828 | copernican hypothesis (by Nicholaus Copernicus, a Polish cleric) | belief that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe | 3 | |
| 5544363021 | On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres | Copernicus' book, which he published right before his death | 4 | |
| 5544438439 | Tycho Brahe | -agreed with Copernicus that the sun was the center of the universe -created the "Rudolfine tables" which were tables of planetary motion -died before he could make sense of data | 5 | |
| 5544451398 | johannes kepler | -assistant to Brahe -had three laws of planetary motion | 6 | |
| 5544456837 | The New Astronomy | Kepler's book with his first two laws of planetary motion | 7 | |
| 5544475989 | experimental method | the approach, pioneered by Galileo, that the proper way to explore the workings of the universe was through repeatable experiments rather than speculation | 8 | |
| 5556861134 | galileo galilei | formed law of inertia and found 4 moons of jupiter which busted aristotle and ptolemy theory | 9 | |
| 5556865757 | isaac newton | discovered law of gravity, centripetal force, and acceleration | 10 | |
| 5544483147 | law of inertia | a law formulated by Galileo that states that motion, not rest, is the natural state of an object, that an object continues in motion forever unless stopped by some external force | 11 | |
| 5544517047 | Dialogue on the Two Chief Systems of the World | Galileo's book which defended Copernicus' view | 12 | |
| 5544565082 | Philosophicae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathmatical Principles of Natural Philosophy) | Newton's book about threee laws of motion | 13 | |
| 5544567708 | law of universal gravitation | Newton's law that every body in the universe attracts every other body in the universe in a precise mathematical relationship | 14 | |
| 5544598753 | empiricism | a theory of inductive reasoning that calls for acquiring evidence through observation and experimentation rather than reason and speculation [by Francis Bacon] | 15 | |
| 5556879841 | rene Descartes | realized the connection between geometry and algebra but thought vacuums didn't exist | 16 | |
| 5544631370 | Cartesian dualism | Descartes' view that all of reality could ultimately be reduced to mind and matter | 17 | |
| 5548343776 | On the Structure of the Human Body | book by Andreas Vesalius about human anatomy | 18 | |
| 5556907734 | Galen | Greek physician who thought health was based on the four humors: blood, phylegrn, black bile, yellow bile | 19 | |
| 5556914817 | paracelsius | first doctor to use chemicals and drugs for treatment | 20 | |
| 5548354974 | William Harvey | English royal physician who was the first to explain that the heart worked like a pump and to explain the function of its muscles and valves | 21 | |
| 5548366719 | Robert Boyle | Irishman; first to create vacuum; discovered that a pressure of a gas varies inversely with volume [chemistry] | 22 | |
| 5548377942 | Enlightenment | the influential intellectual and cultural movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries that introduced a new worldview based on the use of reason, the scientific method, and progress. | 23 | |
| 5548643912 | rationalism | a secular, critical way of thinking in which nothing was to be accepted on faith, and everything was to be submitted by reason | 24 | |
| 5548673941 | Historical and Critical Dictionary | -written by Pierre Bayle, a French Hugenot -talked about skepticism: nothing could ever be beyond all doubt | 25 | |
| 5548692532 | Essay Concerning Human Understanding | -written by John Locke -first major text of the Enlightenment -insisted that all ideas are derived from experience | 26 | |
| 5548700230 | sensationalism | idea that all human ideas and thoughts are produced as a result of sensory impressions | 27 | |
| 5548708181 | philosophes | a group of French intellectuals who proclaimed that they were bringing the light of knowledge to their fellow creatures in the Age of Enlightenment | 28 | |
| 5548750108 | Montesquieu | -philosophe -wrote The Persian Letters and The Spirit of Laws | 29 | |
| 5548755981 | The Persian Letters | written by Montesquieu; was a satire that used the relationship between men and women as highly representative of the overal social and political system | 30 | |
| 5548766681 | The Spirit of Laws | written by Montesquieu; was a form of social science | 31 | |
| 5548786625 | Francois Marie Arouet | -pen name "Voltaire" -most famous philophe -studied with Gabrielle...de Breteuil, who was a great woman scientist -believed God was "the great watchmaker" | 32 | |
| 5556925105 | Catherine the great | westernized Russia; domestic reform; oppressed serfs | 33 | |
| 5556928207 | Joseph II | abolished serfdom | 34 | |
| 5556930143 | Leopald II | canceled Joseph's edict | 35 | |
| 5556936903 | Moses Mendelssohn | Jewish enlightenment philosopher | 36 | |
| 5548821407 | Encyclopedia: The Rational Dictionary of the Sciences, the arts, and the Crafts | -compilement of different philosophes that set out to teach people critically and objectively about all matters | 37 | |
| 5555527289 | reading revolution | transition from patriarchal and communal readings to commonplace literacy and broad and diverse material | 38 | |
| 5555810743 | salons | regular social gatherings held by talented and rich Parisian women in their homes where you could discuss literature, science, and philosophy | 39 | |
| 5555838494 | rococo | popular art style known for its soft pastels, ornate interiors, sentimental portraits, and cupids in the 1800s | 40 | |
| 5556795496 | public sphere | intellectual space where the public came together to discuss issues about society, economics, and politics | 41 | |
| 5556804903 | enlightened absolutism | term used for the 18th century monarchs, who without renouncing their own monarchy, adopted enlightened ideals of rationalism, progress, and tolerance | 42 | |
| 5556812914 | cameralism | view that monarchy is the best form of government | 43 | |
| 5556816556 | haskalah | Jewish enlightenment | 44 | |
| 5556822337 | reason | natural science used to examine and understand things...enlightenment thinkers favorite word | 45 | |
| 5556826543 | salonnieres | talented hostesses who mediated discussions at salons | 46 | |
| 5556830865 | Austrian Succession | Maria Theresa cedes most of Silesia to Prussia | 47 | |
| 5556836522 | 7 years war | war that planned to conquer and divide Prussia, but failed as Peter II stopped it | 48 | |
| 5556842405 | pale of settlement | all jews lived in [insert random little countries that I don't feel like copying down] as issued by Catherine the Great | 49 |
