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AP Euro Chapter 14: New Directions in Thought and Culture in the 16th and 17th centuries

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1) Small changes to existing models of thought 2) Inspiration from the Renaissance 3) Development of Medieval universities 4) Navigation problems 5) patronage of scientists
Ptolemy's book on geocentric model
Earth is center surrounded by crystalline spheres
Renaissance book that fit very nicely with the geocentric theory
explained the problems of plants movement backwards in geocentric theory
geocentric theory is
Copernicus's book proposing heliocentric model
Part of Copernicus's proof against geocentric model
The fusion of math with empirical data and observations
opposed Copernicus and made many empirical observations and data tables to try to disprove him. Ended up popularizing heliocentric model
used Brahe's data to prove heliocentric model and that plants move in elliptical orbits
Kepler discovered new problem when trying to explain why plants move faster when closer to the sun
1609 Kepler's books
First used a telescope to make observations, was condemned by the Catholic church, discovered law of falling objects, expanded on ancient themes, and viewed all aspects of life mathematically
Galileo's book
Newton's book
Newtons clockmaker religious view
assemblies of witches where they participated in sexual orgies and feasted on the flesh of infants
1) Belief in demons 2) Old, impoverished women claim magic when in need of power 3) Christian clergy supposedly practiced good magic 4) Threat of women breaking out from under mans control
Sentenced to death for _____ .
Majority of deaths were ______
Wrote Don Quixote
Paradise Lost, discusses the destructive qualities of humans and how they need to take responsibility for their fate
Grace Abounding and Pilgrims Progress, pro predestination
developed the essay, skeptic
popularized the scientific method and inductive (observation --> conclusion) reasoning, believed science should have a practical purpose
Bacon's book
Descartes's book
Doubt everything except own reason, Cartesian dualism (separation of mind and body), Deductive reasoning-theory then experiment
better to believe in God than not
Develops Pantheism
Spinoza's book
equates God with nature, statements about the natural world therefore are statements about the divine
Hobbe's book
Locke's book
people in natural state are inclined to perpetual and restless desire for power, people can escape this state by investing in government
Locke's belief that children are born as a clean slate and they learn what they live
People enter into contracts with government and rulers are entrusted with preserving the right to life, liberty and property

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