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| 8775287621 | Socialism | : Idea that the government should manage the economy or aspects of the economy for the good of the people. Thought workers were unfairly treated. rejected laissez-faire and questioned the validity of the concept of private property. | 0 | |
| 8775287622 | Conservatism | The idea that all change is BAD, and it should be slowed or fought so it doesn't happen. Favors traditional values. | 1 | |
| 8775287623 | Nationalism | Pride in one's nation, group, or traditions; a desire for independence. Can go horribly wrong, the Nazis thought Germany was so great, EVERYONE should be German. | 2 | |
| 8775287624 | Liberalism | The base ideas of liberty & equality. Based on the idea that political change can make the world a better place. Supported laissez-faire economies and democracy. | 3 | |
| 8775287625 | Imperialism | One who dominates the political, social, and economic life of another. Said that a more powerful country can dominate a weaker country militarily, economically or religiously. Think about empires. Yeah. Just exerting your will over other places. | 4 | |
| 8775287626 | Fascism | A nationalist system where the state and big business partners eliminate worker rights and any resistance to governmental or corporate power. aka nationalism on steroids. Ex: Mussolini in Italy. It's like nationalism's crazy brother who started out in the same place, but then ended up being kind of mean and twisting the ideals. | 5 | |
| 8775287627 | Romanticism | : artistic movement in the mid to late 1800s. Depicted the beauty of nature and opposed the scientific revolution. "Sturm und Drang"= Storm and Stress. Also a style of literature. Similar to gothic styles with overraught emotional content and thing with castles. Romantic Gothic literature is a thing. | 6 | |
| 8775287628 | Totalitarianism | Twentieth century phenomenon that seeks to direct all facets of a state's culture in the interest of the state. The government controls every aspect of the citizens lives. Every aspect. Like, what shoes you wear, who you marry, what you name your kids... | 7 | |
| 8775287629 | Isolationism | Not becoming involved in global or regional events. For instance, if you are East Germany, and build a wall around your country, and refuse to trade or play nice with the other countries, you're an isolationist. It's like the emo kid of political philosophies. | 8 | |
| 8775287630 | Humanism | Studied the Latin classics to learn what they reveal about human nature. Emphasized human beings, their achievements, interests, and capabilities. Believed in human excellence, generally agnostic. | 9 | |
| 8775287631 | Individualism | Individualism stressed personality, uniqueness, genius, and the fullest development of capabilities and talents. Basically, the idea that people who are good at something should be honored or revered, not stoned, and that individual excellence should be cultivated. Also started the idea that offices should be appointed based on individual merit, not family name. | 10 | |
| 8775287632 | Absolutism | When sovereignty is embodied in the person of the ruler. The ruler is in charge of everything, and a lot of times is a divine right monarch, meaning that they say they were appointed by god to rule (or, in some cases, are god). This never goes well, and most absolute monarchs are crazy and have no idea how to run a country. | 11 | |
| 8775287633 | Mercantilism | The philosophy that a state's strength depends upon it wealth. Country must have a favorable balance of trade, meaning that they export more than they import (meaning that their economy has more gold and silver that material goods). Capitalists didn't like this because it required way too much governmental intervention. | 12 | |
| 8775287634 | Constitutionism | Limitation of government by law, developed in times of absolutism. | 13 | |
| 8775287635 | Empericism | Bacon's theory of inductive reasoning | 14 | |
| 8775287636 | Deism | God built the Universe and let it run. Clockmaker theory | 15 | |
| 8775287637 | Capitalism | An economic system based on a free market, open competition, profit motive and private ownership of the means of production (i.e. laissez-faire). Totally free market, just let the chips fall wher they may. | 16 | |
| 8775287638 | Cosmopolitanism | Urban growth during the agricultural revolution. It dealt with the migration from rural to urban areas. | 17 | |
| 8775287639 | Chartism | Agitation against poor laws-working class discontent in England during 1830s | 18 | |
| 8775287640 | Pacifism | Anabaptists laid great stress on this; they would not run for office or serve in the armed forces; not being involved in many wars. | 19 | |
| 8775287641 | Communism | Economic system that puts ALL power in the hands of the government so they can manage it "for the good of the people". It originates from Marx's ideas, but it was changed by Russia, with Lenin and his successors who made "communism" that became 'Leninism' until he dies & Stalin runs amok | 20 | |
| 8775287642 | Marxism | Devised by Marx and Engels. The state owns the means of production and citizens contribute what they can to society, while society gives each citizen what they need. | 21 | |
| 8775287643 | Utilitarionism | Jeremy Bentham's ideas; "the greatest good for the greatest number". Led to running water in England (and eventually the world) | 22 | |
| 8775287644 | Classicism | a movement in literature and art during the 17th and 18th centuries in Europe that favored rationality and restraint and strict forms | 23 | |
| 8775287645 | Despotism | the rule of a despot; the exercise of absolute authority. | 24 | |
| 8775287646 | Manorialism | the organization of rural economy and society in medieval western and parts of central Europe, characterized by the vesting of legal and economic power in a lord supported economically from his own direct landholding and from the obligatory contributions. | 25 | |
| 8775287647 | Impressionism | a style of painting developed in the last third of the 19th century, characterized chiefly by short brush strokes of bright colors in immediate juxtaposition to represent the effect of light on objects. | 26 | |
| 8775287648 | Rationalism | the principle or habit of accepting reason as the supreme authority in matters of opinion, belief, or conduct | 27 | |
| 8775287649 | Colonialism | the control or governing influence of a nation over a dependent country, territory, or people. | 28 | |
| 8775287650 | Calvinism | the doctrines and teachings of John Calvin or his followers, emphasizing predestination, the sovereignty of God, the supreme authority of the Scriptures, and the irresistibility of grace. | 29 | |
| 8775287651 | Anabaptism | belief in: the primacy of the Bible; baptism of believers not infants; complete separation of church and state | 30 | |
| 8775287652 | Anglicanism | the doctrines, principles, or system of the Anglican Church, or The Church of England. If you think your break up was bad, remember, Henry VIII created a new religion to get away from his ex... | 31 | |
| 8775287653 | Lutheranism | teachings of Martin Luther emphasizing the cardinal doctrine of justification by faith alone. First church to break away from catholocism. Created a whole bunch of other forms of protestantisms and caused a lot of wars. Can't we all agree to disagree (evidently, no). | 32 | |
| 8775287654 | Secularism | a system of political or social philosophy that rejects all forms of religious faith and worship. Not athiestic, just not religous. It's like school, no faith is taught or condoned, but there is not an anti-religous sentiment. | 33 | |
| 8775287655 | Rationalism | a view that reason and experience rather than the non rational are the fundamental criteria in the solution of problems. Alternative to empiricism. | 34 | |
| 8775287656 | Existentialism | ...20th cent. philosophy where each individual person is in charge of giving meaning to their own lives. It's a whole philosophy based around questioning the meaning of your life. | 35 | |
| 8775287657 | Leninism | ...Lenin believed that a small, disciplined, professional group of revolutionaries was needed to violently overthrow the capitalist system and that a "dictatorship of the proletariat" must guide society until the day when the state would wither away. This is an evolution of Marxist ideas. | 36 | |
| 8775287658 | Pluralism | Because it paid well, people would often hold more than one religious office at a time, meaning that one area usually didn't get mass on Sunday, or had it celebrated by someone unqualified, or that priests would only perform services for those whoever would pay them more. This pissed off Martin Luther. | 37 | |
| 8775287659 | Impressionism | A theory or style of painting originating and developed in France during the 1870s, characterized by concentration on the immediate visual impression produced by a scene and by the use of unmixed primary colors and small strokes to simulate actual reflected light. Focused more on feelings and artist view. | 38 | |
| 8775287660 | Expressionism | A movement in the arts during the early part of the 20th century that emphasized subjective expression of the artist's inner experiences. Painting about your emotions, not aiming for accurate portrayals of subjects. | 39 | |
| 8775287661 | Heliocentrism | the theory published in 1543 by Copernicus (1473-1543) which stated that the earth and the planets rotated around the sun and which opposed the Ptolemaic system. This was pretty ground breaking stuff. | 40 | |
| 8775287662 | Cubism | A nonobjective school of painting and sculpture developed in Paris in the early 20th century, characterized by the reduction and fragmentation of natural forms into abstract, often geometric structures usually rendered as a set of discrete planes. | 41 | |
| 8775287663 | Pietism | A reform movement in the German Lutheran Church during the 17th and 18th centuries, which strove to renew the devotional ideal in the Protestant religion. Goes against the Catholic ideal that to get to heaven you need to believe, and do good works, this states that believing is the only way to heaven. | 42 | |
| 8775287664 | Anarchism | idea that NO government is better than any idea of government yet conceived. Bratty teenager prospective, life should be a free for all. Really, they just blew stuff up, killed people and alienated the rest of the world. | 43 | |
| 8775287665 | Anti-antisemitism | belief that Jewish people are inferior and worthy of discrimination. | 44 | |
| 8775287666 | Enlightened Despotism | Absolute rule justified by the monarch's paternalistic outlook for the best interests of the citizens of his or her country. ex: Catherine the Great, Frederick the Great, and Joseph II of Austria. | 45 | |
| 8775287667 | Social Darwinism | Darwin's ideas applied to social life. It aided nationalists and the imperialism of the time. | 46 | |
| 8775287668 | Relativism | Truth is not absolute, but subjective. The basis for judgment depends on the events, people or circumstances surrounding a situation. | 47 | |
| 8775287669 | Nihilism | idea that nothing exists but science. Supported by Russian intellectual elites like Turgenev. | 48 |
