Terms : Hide Images
| 46313097 | The Fronde | French noble revolt against Mazarin | |
| 46313098 | Hohenzollern Family | electors of Brandenburg and Prussia | |
| 46313099 | Jacobites | supporters of james and his son in England 15th and 45th rebellions | |
| 46313100 | Directory | French Republic after the Revolution | |
| 46313101 | Levellers | English Revolution supported extremist faction that supported universal male suffrage | |
| 46313102 | Jesuits | Ignatius Loyola founder of the militant crusader for the pope. they also had spiritual excercises | |
| 46313103 | Pragmatic Sanction | 1713 Charles VI said to regard Habsburg territories indivisible and inheritable by only a special line of heirs (to assure continuation of Austrian empire to Maria Theresa | |
| 46313104 | Mississippi Bubble | France was medieval and irresponsible. Mississippi co. created by John law and the shareholders sell and break the market because of fake inflation | |
| 46313105 | South Sea Bubble | Great Britain has debt because of poor tax collecting. the stockholder sell shares and create fake inflation bubble pops but they recover better than France | |
| 46313106 | 7 Years War | Frederick II attacks countries territories such as North America and India 1756-1763 (leaves France in debt) ends with Treaty of Paris | |
| 46313107 | Treaty of Paris | 1763 French ceded colonies and England come out with colonial control also Prussia keeps Silesia Austria and Prussia remain major powers | |
| 46313108 | War of the Spanish Succession | to maintain the balance of power after Charles II will grants Louis's XIV's grandson the Spanish empire. Ends with the treaty of Utrecht | |
| 46313109 | Treaty of Utrecht | Philip V (grandson) is recognized ad king of spain but Spain and France were never to be united. maintains the balance of power and GB gets huge gains | |
| 46313110 | Maria Theresa | ruled the Habsburg empire under the Pragmatic sanction and preserves the Habsburg state | |
| 46313111 | War of Austrain succession | begins because of the violation of the pragmatic sanction by Frederick's invasion of Silesia results in treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle where Silesia belongs to Prussia | |
| 46313112 | Spanish Inquistion | est. by Ferdinand and Isabella to keep the Reformation out of Spain. converted Jews and Muslims. and created a unified Catholic religion | |
| 46313113 | Catherine de Medici | controlled 3 sons who were all French kings. St. Bartholomew's day massacre killed Protestants and fought to maintain Catholic dominance in France | |
| 46313114 | Middle Ages | made up of feudalism, monarchs, and the church | |
| 46313115 | new monarchs | strongest lords who began to assert their control over vast territories which evolved into modern states. influenced all aspect of society. early evidence of absolutism | |
| 46313116 | 100 years war | fought by Great Britain and France | |
| 46313117 | Moriscos | 15th century Muslim influence on Spain | |
| 46313118 | feudalism | a political and military system based on the holding of land, with an emphasis on local protection, gov. and self sufficiency. needed bc of constant warfare which resulted in the stagnation of European society | |
| 46313119 | Erasmus | wrote In Praise of Folly and was a christian humanist with northern renaissance concept used satire to draw attention to problems with the Catholic church | |
| 46313120 | Humanism | movement in Renaissance italy to study the classical texts of ancient Greece and Rome which leads to the studies of the humanities or human condition | |
| 46313121 | civic humanism | Petrarch in Florence used education for public good | |
| 46313122 | Petrach | "father of humanism" | |
| 46313123 | Martin Luther | 95 theses and the Diet of Worms and the idea of "faith alone" conservative not happy about the German peasants revolt wrote Against the Murdering and Thieving Peasants against Tetzel's indulgences. 2 sacraments and no transubstantiation. leader of the Reformation | |
| 46313124 | John Knox | takes Calvinism to Scotland and it become Presbyterianism which leads to the major German peasant revolt | |
| 46313125 | Henry VIII | establishes himself and future English monarchs as the head of the Chruch of England (Act of Supremacy) | |
| 46313126 | 30 years war | 1618- 1648 climax of period of religious strife in Europe. 4 phases Gustavus Adolphus involved in Swedish phase, fought mostly within the HRE resulting in the decimation of German society. French abandon religious ideals to rival the Habsburgs (Richelieu) and with the peace of Westphalia and begins because of the war of Austrain Succession | |
| 46313127 | Peace of Westphalia | leaves Germany fragmented or the dissolution of the HRE and includes Calvinists in the renewed peace of augsburg | |
| 46313128 | Louis XIV | ultimate absolute monarch: creates Versailles as symbol of power over the nobility, revoked the Edict of Nantes, competed w the Habsburgs | |
| 46313129 | Richelieu | during reign of Louis XIII he gained control of French affairs and layed the groundwork for absolutism in France which now enters the modern age | |
| 46313130 | Glorious Revolution | 1688 james II is overthrown and limitations are placed on the monarchy through the English Bill of Rights. William and Mary take over | |
| 46313131 | Stuarts | believed in Divine right and lavish style are reinstated with James | |
| 46313132 | Tories | want James in power | |
| 46313133 | Whigs | want anyone but James | |
| 46313134 | Loyalists/Cavaliers | support the king or charles during the civil war | |
| 46313135 | Roundheads/Puritans | support Cromwell | |
| 46313136 | James I | the first stuart monarch problems: didn't get along with Parliament, had high taxes, and religious issues | |
| 46313137 | 3 empires of the 17th century | HRE, Republic of Poland, and the Ottoman Empire | |
| 46313138 | 3 great powers in the 18th century | Russia, Prussia, and Austria | |
| 46313139 | Scientific Revolution | when religion and nature become divided int he minds of many intellectuals in the 17th century | |
| 46313140 | Renee Descartes | deductive method and said "I think therefore I am" invented geometry | |
| 46313141 | Francis Bacon | inductive method and wrote the "Great Renewal" but didn't understand the role of mathematics | |
| 46313142 | Locke | emphasis on natural thought, wrote 2 treatises on civil gov., said people were rational and learn from experience, and scientific empiricism | |
| 46313143 | Fuggers | German successful entrepreneural family | |
| 46313144 | commercial revolution | economic system brought about bc of new worldwide trading opportunities and resulted from captitalism | |
| 46313145 | Edict of Nantes | 1598 grants toleration for Huguenots by Henry IV | |
| 46313146 | Act of Union | 1707 formed union of GB and Scotland | |
| 46313147 | opening of the Atlantic | allowed for European conquest, mercantilism, and the slave trade | |
| 46313148 | Revocation of the Edict of Nantes | 1685 by Louis XIV | |
| 46313149 | Defeat of the Spanish Armada | 1588 marks the end of Spain's golden age with Philip II | |
| 46313150 | Gutenburg | invents the printing press and printed the first Bible in Europe 1455-56 | |
| 46313151 | Cottage Industries | also known as the domestic industries in England guilds against them | |
| 46313152 | English Poor Law | when GB forced people to work and relieved destitution | |
| 46313153 | Mossacio | Italian humanist during the quattrocentro | |
| 46313154 | ghiberti | sculptor of the Renaissance | |
| 46313155 | Donatello | created the Bronze David during the Renaissance | |
| 46313156 | War of the Roses | in Great Britian won by the Tudors | |
| 46313157 | Charles II | left will starting the war of Spanish Succession gave territories to Louis XIV's grandson | |
| 46313158 | Spain's Golden Age | the time of Philip II's rule when there is: increase in pop., increase in riches from the New World and ends w the defeat of the Spanish Armada | |
| 46313159 | Thomas Pitt | British East India Co. entrepreneur | |
| 46313160 | Boccacio | florentine humanist who wrote Decomeron in Italian | |
| 46313161 | Brunelleschi | created the first dome during the Renaissance | |
| 46313162 | Thomas More | northern humanist who wrote Utopia | |
| 46313163 | Robert Walpole | GB prime minister who wanted peace | |
| 46313164 | Adam Smith | wrote the Wealth of Nations and created laissez-faire gov. economist | |
| 46313165 | Spinoza | Jewish enlightenment writer who also beleived in pantheism or the only thing that exists is God and his books for prohibited | |
| 46313166 | Colbert | economist for Louis XVI | |
| 46313167 | Castiglione | wrote the Courtier (book about manners) | |
| 46313168 | Raphael | painted the School of Athens, Renaissance | |
| 46313169 | Leonardo Da Vinci | the Renaissance man also painted the Mona Lisa also the Last Supper | |
| 46313170 | Charles V | HRE Catholicized Germany, sacked Rome, ended Italian Renaissance, called for M. Luther's Diet of Worms, and created the Peace of Augsburg although originally against Protestanism | |
| 46313171 | Abbe Sieyes | Who is the 3rd Estate everthing! | |
| 46313172 | William Pitt | GB against the French revolution | |
| 46313173 | Thomas Hobbes | Scientific Revolution- said that human nature was brutal and corrupt and was for absolutist government wrote the Leviathan | |
| 46313174 | Frederick William the Great Elector | formed Prussia into a modern state by creating a strong militant state and acquiring Silesia | |
| 46313175 | Magellan | circumnavigated the globe | |
| 46313176 | Bishop Bossuet | theorist created divine right | |
| 46313177 | Rousseau | philosophe who wrote the Social Contract and believed in the State of Nature | |
| 46313178 | Machiavelli | believed in a strong ruler and wrote the Prince | |
| 46313179 | enlightened despotism | absolutism justified by the benefit of the the country | |
| 46313180 | natural law | distinguishes right from wrong | |
| 46313181 | Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity | saying for the French Revolution | |
| 46313182 | Copernicus | Heliocentric model of the universe | |
| 46313183 | Ptolemy and Aristotle | old authority before the scientific revolution had geocentric theory that everything revolved around the earth | |
| 46313184 | Galileo | built the telescope and found the laws of terrestrial motion and that the heavenly bodies were the same as Earth | |
| 46313185 | Keplar | found elliptical orbit and laws of planetary motion | |
| 46313186 | putting out system | domestic system as well said people working in own home employed as wage earners | |
| 46313187 | Newton | 3 laws of motion, gravity, and calculus | |
| 46313188 | Pugachev | leads largest uprising of serfs ever in Russia during the rule of Catherine the Great | |
| 46313189 | secularism | against church | |
| 46313190 | Renaissance | means rebirth, modern time, and high culture all focused in Italy | |
| 46313191 | Northern Renaissance | focuses more on religious morality and reform not secular | |
| 46313192 | Republic of Virtu | what Robespierre wanted for France in which each citizen actively participates in government | |
| 46313193 | Wittenburg | university and city where Luther launched the Protestant Reformation | |
| 46313194 | henry VII | first King of the Tudors | |
| 46313195 | Geneva | model Christian society created by Calvin | |
| 46323311 | treaty of aix la chapelle | ends the war of austrian succession prussia gets silesia | |
| 46323312 | medici family | ruled Florence not because of royal blood but because of wealth from banking | |
| 46323313 | Calvin | calvinism believed in predestination | |
| 46323314 | george iii | king during american revolution, had to deal with parliaments during atlantic revolution, had faction known as "the King's friends" and bureaus | |
| 46323315 | The Prince | written by machiavelli, suggests a strong ruler, as a result of the italian disunity | |
| 46323316 | alexander i | tsar of Russia and enlightened despot | |
| 46323317 | fall of bastille | when the prison holding those committing political crimes is taken over during the French revolution | |
| 46323318 | thermidorian reaction | after the death of robespierre, bourgeois= victors of the revolution, terror subsides, convention and jacobins disassemble | |
| 46323319 | herbertists | extreme revolutionaries during the french revolution | |
| 46323320 | dantonists | friends of robespierre although he later guillotines them because they are too moderate | |
| 46323321 | romanov family | russia begins with michael romanov | |
| 46323322 | junkers | the lords of prussia | |
| 46323323 | committee of public safety | becomes the emergency government during the revolution, basically a dictatorship, levee en masse= first military draft | |
| 46323324 | sans-culottes | made up of the parisians extremist faction in convention that united with the mountain | |
| 46323325 | great fear | when the peasants were afraid the nobility was assembling an army of brigands against them; declare an end to feudalism | |
| 46323326 | estates general | ancient french institution of government made up of the first, second, and third estates | |
| 46323327 | ciompi revolts | peasants rebel in florence italy | |
| 46323328 | protestant wind | what they call the defeat of the spanish armada by elizabeth and great britain |
