Mrs. Brady's AP European History Vocabulary: Chapter 16 (as of the 2009-2010 school year.
Word for word, taken straight from the packet of vocabulary words given to us at the beginning of the year.
Terms : Hide Images
| 35277049 | Absolutism | When sovereignty is embodied in the person of the ruler | |
| 35277050 | Sovereignty | Possessing a monopoly over the instruments of justice | |
| 35277051 | Totalitarianism | Twentieth century phenomenon that seeks to direct all facets of a state's culture in the interest of the state | |
| 35277052 | Cardinal Richelieu | Became President of the Council of ministers and the first minister of the French crown | |
| 35277053 | Louis 13th | Influenced by Richelieu to exult the French monarchy as the embodiement of the French state | |
| 35277054 | Fronde | (1648-1653) Brutal civil wars that struck France during the reign of Louis 13th | |
| 35277055 | Jules Mazarin | Became a cardinal in 1641, succeeded Richelieu and dominated the power in French government | |
| 35277056 | "Sun King" | Louis 14th had the longest reign in European history. Helped France to reach its peak of absolutist development. | |
| 35277057 | Louis 14th | King of France who ruled as an absolute monarch, even as a child | |
| 35277058 | Jean-Babtiste Colbert | An advisor to Louis 13th who proved himself a financial genius who managed the entire royal administration | |
| 35277059 | Mercantilism | The philosophy that a state's strength depends upon its wealth | |
| 35277060 | "French Classicism" | Art, literature, and advancements of the age of Louis 14th | |
| 35277061 | Nicholas Poussin | French classical painter who painted "The Rape of the Sabine Women", known as the greatest French painter of the 17th century | |
| 35277062 | William of Orange | Dutch prince invited to be king of England after The Glorious Revolution. Joined League of Augsburg as a foe of Louis 14th | |
| 35277063 | Louis Pontchartrain | French controller of finance who imposed the capitation of an annual poll tax | |
| 35277064 | Peace of Utrecht | Ended Louis 14th's attempts to gain military power and land. Marked the end of French expansionist policy. Ended the War of Spanish Succession. | |
| 35277065 | Constitutionalism | Limitation of government by law, developed in times of absolutism. | |
| 35277066 | Leviathan | Written by English philosopher Thomas Hobbes, maintained that sovereignty is ultimately derived from the people, who transfer it to the monarchy by implicit contract. | |
| 35277067 | William Laude | Archbishop of Canterbury, tried to impose elaborate ritual and rich ceremonies on all churches. Insisted on complete uniformity of the church and enforced it through the Court of High Commission. | |
| 35277068 | Oliver Cromwell | As Lord Protector of England he used his army to control the government and constituted military dictatorship. | |
| 35277069 | The Restoration | Restored the English monarchy to Charles 2nd, both Houses of Parliment were restored, established Anglican church, courts of law and local government. | |
| 35277070 | John Locke | Believed people were born like blank slates and the environment shapes development, (tabula rasa). Wrote "Essay Concerning Human Understanding" and "Second Treatise of Government" | |
| 35277071 | Thomas Hobbes | Leading secular exponent of absolutism and unlimited sovereignty of the state. Absolutism produced civil peace and rule of law. Tyranny is better than chaos. Claimed life was, "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short." | |
| 35277072 | Bill of Rights | 1689, no law can be suspended by the king; no taxes raised; no army maintained except by parlimentary consent. Established after The Glorious Revolution. | |
| 35277073 | New Model Army | Created by Cromwell | |
| 35277074 | Petition of Rights | Limited the power of Charles 1st of England. a) couldn't declare martial law b) couldn't collect taxes c) couldn't imprision people without cause d) soldiers couldn't be housed without consent |
