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| 8322018349 | What were the 4 stages of European contact with the world | 1) original discovery of the new world- ended by the end of 16th century 2)mercantile empires and trade among Spain, France and Great Britain- 16th and 17th centuries 3) European contact with non-European world- 19th century 4) Decolonization- mid 20th century | 0 | |
| 8322093639 | What was the fundamental element of the first 2 periods of European contact | Slavery | 1 | |
| 8322115902 | What allowed Europeans to exert such influence and domination for so long | Political, economic, and military dominance. It was disproportional - small area and population | 2 | |
| 8322143247 | What was mercantilism | A countries wealth determines their power | 3 | |
| 8322164042 | What were the keystones of mercantile empires | Navies and merchant shipping | 4 | |
| 8322296818 | Describe the Spanish Empire | Controlled South America + part of North America, governed South America + Caribbeans | 5 | |
| 8322326405 | Describe the British Empire | Atlantic coastline, North America, India | 6 | |
| 8322341392 | Describe the French Empire | Canada, Ohio and Mississippi rivers, West Africa | 7 | |
| 8322361763 | Describe the Dutch Empire | South America, South Africa, India, Indonisia | 8 | |
| 8322398523 | What were the fundamentals of mercantilism | Economy, government directed, get wealth by trading, take trade from other countries to make money, money=bullion (gold and silver) | 9 | |
| 8322457747 | What is balance of trade | Difference between imports and exports, favorable = more exports than imports. unfavorable = more imports | 10 | |
| 8322500204 | What was the golden age of smugglers | traders and merchants of one nation hoped to break the monopoly of another, governments could not control activities and led to clashes, 18th century | 11 | |
| 8322567517 | What were factories | Trade post in India | 12 | |
| 8322597412 | What were flash points between France and Britain | Fishing rights (Upper New England + St. Lawrence River), Fur Trade (Same places), Cash Crops (West Indies), and factories (India) | 13 | |
| 8322819205 | What was the primary purpose of the Spanish Empire? | to supply Spain w/precious metals (gold & silver = bullion) | 14 | |
| 8322872639 | Who was Queen Isabella? | husband was Ferdinand, forced Spain cath, marriage brought spain together (Castile and Aragon) | 15 | |
| 8322995062 | What was the war of the Austrian Succession | Prussia vs. Austria, Frederick II vs. Maria Theresa, Frederick II was challenging the Pragmatic Sanction and invaded Silesia, Allies were French + Prussia and Austria + England, Treaty of Aix-la chapelle - Prussia gets Silesia and Maria Theresa keeps throne, Prussia wins | 16 | |
| 8323021023 | What did the Council of the Indies do? | They governed the Americas land, nominate viceroy | 17 | |
| 8323095881 | _________ are judicial councils. | Audiencias | 18 | |
| 8323123286 | Variety of local advisors that could serve in audiencias, are called__________. | Corregidores | 19 | |
| 8323212081 | What scarcely existed in the spanish colonies? | local initiative and self gov. | 20 | |
| 8323226886 | What was the Casa de Contratacion? | house of trade, regulated trade in the New World, most influential | 21 | |
| 8323303740 | What did the flota system do? | It made trading out of the system illegal | 22 | |
| 8335465096 | What was the flota system? | A fleet of commercial vessels carried merch. from Spain to specific ports | 23 | |
| 8323063918 | A _________is a governor that watches local areas. | Viceroy | 24 | |
| 8335459741 | What was the war of the Spanish Succession? | Charles II and Louis IV both elected Philip V to be their heir... Eng is upset because they don't want to combine with Spain... France lost and L14 had to find a new heir-Philip of Anjou | 25 | |
| 8335628495 | Who was Philip V for Spain? | Started the Bourbon dynasty in Spain, suppressed smuggling, tried to fix the trade system- didn't work | 26 | |
| 8322830135 | What was the War of Jenkins Ear | English vs. Spanish, Spanish bonded and searched English ships looking for contraband, 1731-fight on board where Spanish cut off Captain Robert Jenkins ear, Jenkins carried it around in a jar of Brandy, 1738- testified in front of English Parliament with his ear | 27 | |
| 8335807954 | __________ are born in Spain but come to the New World to settle. | peninsulares | 28 | |
| 8335888604 | __________ are born in South America and both parents are peninsulares. (lots of mixing ethnic groups) | creoles | 29 | |
| 8335900136 | What were the short term results of Charles' III reforms? | might have worked | 30 | |
| 8335908715 | What were the long term results of Charles' III reforms? | not successful- rebellion soon to come | 31 | |
| 8335936002 | In 1453 the ___________ empire forbade exportation of ____________ slaves. | Ottoman, white | 32 | |
| 8335951510 | Slave labor became a fundamental___________ and ____________ factor. | social and economic | 33 | |
| 8335966801 | What happened to Native American's in the 16th century? | Many died of diseases | 34 | |
| 8336033172 | Which African peoples became sold into slavery were dependent on what? | Warfare and state building | 35 | |
| 8336048812 | Where was a major source for slaves? | Slave markets on West African coasts more slaves imported from W. Indies and Brazil | 36 | |
| 8336089642 | What does "a Euro-African phenomenon" mean? | slaves mixed different African cultures and economies | 37 | |
| 8336113156 | What were the slave trade patterns in the late 17th century in Spanish S. America? | numbers went down and that spread to nearby Caribbean islands and Brazil | 38 | |
| 8336152338 | Why at the end of the 17th century slave numbers went up? | Sugar production | 39 | |
| 8336167501 | What was noticed in the 18th century about slave communities? | there were very interesting social lives | 40 | |
| 8336182798 | How many slaves each year? | 20,000 | 41 | |
| 8336477198 | What was the key factor in the social life in the 18th century? | mixing of people newly from Africa | 42 | |
| 8336503306 | Who dominated slave trade in the 16th century? Late 17th and 18th century? | 16th- Portugal and Spain 17th and 18th- England | 43 | |
| 8336662204 | What were the triangle trade routes? | AMERICA: gave raw materials to Euro EURO: guns & alcohol to Africa, finished goods to America AFRICA: slaves to America | 44 | |
| 8336765287 | What were the 3 biggest goods for slave labor? | cotton, tobacco, and sugar | 45 | |
| 8336795175 | How did the Kongo Wars start? | dispute over succession to the throne | 46 | |
| 8336786125 | What did the Kongo Wars do? | increased slave trade | 47 | |
| 8336810053 | What 2 things were closely related? | Warfare in West Africa and Economic development on American Atlantic Seaboard | 48 | |
| 8336838678 | What was slavery like for slaves? | very bad, quarters were cramped, bad food, disease, seasoning, gangs | 49 | |
| 8336863412 | How did slaves organize themselves? | into smaller groups with the same languages and cultural traits | 50 | |
| 8336943631 | How was daily life like for slaves? | very controlled, laws favored master over slaves | 51 | |
| 8337034562 | What was the deal with converting slaves to Christianity? | mostly all slaves converted but some African practices survived | 52 | |
| 8337092596 | How did race affect slavery? | used race to tell a certain group that they were inferior/superior | 53 | |
| 8335807952 | Who was Charles III? | He was the king of Spain, tried to open more trading ports | 54 | |
| 8322815499 | Where were most mid-18th century wars | Overseas empires, Central + Eastern Europe | 55 | |
| 8323674050 | What was the Diplomatic Revolution of 1756 | Change in alliances, Convention of Westminster - Great Britain and Prussia, Great Britain was allied with Austria-conflict of interest, Austria and French allies | 56 | |
| 8323739223 | What was the Seven Years War | Frederick II invades Saxony, 2 factors saved Prussia- 1) Great Britain financial aid 2) Elizabeth of Russia died + Peter III in peace with Frederick II, Treaty of Hubertusburg 1763-ends war between Prussia and Austria, no boarder change+Prussia gets Silesia+Maria Theresa keeps throne, leads to colonial war between Great Britain and France(French and Indian War), William Pit the Elder won America on the plains of Germany, Plains of Abraham-Great Britain's James Wolfe defeated France, Treaty of Paris 1763- Great Britain gets Ohio river valley, Canada, and land east of Mississippi and is greatest colonial power | 57 | |
| 8323989563 | What was the American Revolution | beginning of end of European colonial dominance in Americas, there were revenue problems from seven years war, George III was king | 58 | |
| 8324015083 | What was the resistance to the Imperial Search for revenue | Great Britain problems after Treaty of Paris 1)cost of maintaining empire+colonists share cost 2)size of land and native colonists, Sugar act-tax on sugar, Stamp act-tax on legal documents, "Taxation without representation" | 59 | |
| 8324822799 | ok so this is long one.....What was the crisis and INDEPENDENCE during the revolution | Townshed acts, Boston Massacre 1770, Tea tax and Boston Tea party, Lord North puts out intolerable acts (closed Boston Port, Troops housed in personal homes, Government reorganized), Quebec Act 1774 (Quebec takes Ohio river valley), 1st Continental Congress meeting in Philadelphia, Battle of Lexington+Concord (1st shots), 2nd Continental Congress meeting in 1775, George III declares colonies "in rebellion", Thomas Paine writes "Common Sense", July 4th 1776-Deceleration of Independence, Ben Franklin gets France to be an ally, Battle of Saratoga was the first colonial win and a turning point, Battle of Yorkton was the British defeat (Washington vs. Cornwallis), Treaty of Paris 1783 - 13 colonies independent | 60 | |
| 8324972939 | What were American Political Ideas | English revolution of 1688, John Locke | 61 | |
| 8324981392 | What were commonwealthmen | British political writers who influenced the American Revolution with radical republican ideas | 62 | |
| 8325021958 | What were some events in Great Britain | George III had many different ministers and settled on Lord North, Whig families said George III was a tyrant, colonists followed events- arbitrary power of monarchy + corruption of House of Commons + portrait of tyranny, Congress and convention showed order and political bodies operating outside existing framework, Yorkshire association movement changed Parliament elections and reformed government, William Pitt the younger abandoned reform, George III increased trade with America + reasserted influence of the monarch, George III had a mental illness which weakened parliament | 63 | |
| 8325065827 | Who was John Wilkes | wrote issue #45 of the North Britain (used fighting words), fled the country, re-elected 4 times to parliament, seated in parliament in 1774 | 64 | |
| 8325265100 | What was the broader impact of the American Revolution | Government without kings and nobles, written docs, popular consent and popular sovereignty, Constitution + Bill of rights, reject aristocratic social hierarchy, Citizen equal (white males only though), No free slaves, no women's rights, no Native rights, radical movement | 65 |
