AP European History Matching quiz vocabulary
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| 261436287 | Puritans | English Protestants who sought to "Purify" the church of England of any vestiges of Catholism | 1 | |
| 261436288 | Jean Bodin | The 1st to provide a theoretical basis for absolutism * Wrote during the France Civil wars, believed that only absolutism could provide order and force people to obey the government | 2 | |
| 261436289 | Absolutism | A government theory proposed by Jean Bodin *Term applied to strong centralized continental monarchies that attempted to make royal power dominant over aristocracies and other regional authorities | 3 | |
| 261436290 | John Law | Organized a monopoly called The Mississippi Company on trading privileges with the french colony of Louisiana in North America * Believed you needed to increase paper money in order to stimulate the economy and established a bank in Paris that issued paper money | 4 | |
| 261436291 | War of the Spanish Succession | Caused by the will of Charles II (Habsburg King) leaving all the Spanish territories to the grandson of Louis XIV. The put fear in European powers that Louis would consolidate the throne of France and Spain, thus creating monster power that would upset the balance of power. | 5 | |
| 261436292 | Petition of Rights | Required that henceforth there should be no forced loans or taxation without consent of parliament, that no freeman be imprisoned without due cause and troops should not be billeted in private homes. | 6 | |
| 261436293 | Charles I | The Son and successor of King James I. Like his father he resorted to extra-parliamentary measures such as levying new tariffs, and duties, attempting to collect discontinued taxes, and subjecting English property owners to a "forced" loan and then imprisoning those who refused to pay | 7 | |
| 261436294 | Hampton Court Conference | Here King James rebuffed the Puritans and firmly declared his intention to maintain and even enhance the Anglican episcopacy in 1604 | 8 | |
| 261436295 | Impositions | King James I developed other sources of income, largely by levying new custom duties known as this. *This was regarded as an effort to the authority of the Parliament over the royal pure, but they did not seek serious confrontation | 9 | |
| 261436296 | Mercantilism | Close government control of the economy that sought to maximize exports and accumulate as much precious metals as possible to enable the state to defend its economic and political | 10 | |
| 261436297 | Dutch East Indies Company | Sea born empire that helped bring the Dutch prosperity. It was a major presence in East Asia particularly in spice- producing areas of Java, the Moluccas, and Sir Lanka | 11 | |
| 261436298 | Stadtholder | The hereditary chief executive | 12 | |
| 261436299 | Duke of Orleans | A gambler and for a time turned over his financial management to the kingdom to John Law *He attempted to draw the french nobility into the decision making process of government He renewed authority of parlements and set up a system of councils on which nobles were to serve along with bureaucrats | 13 | |
| 261436300 | Peace of Utrecht | Most important Treaty (1713) *Maintained the balance of power in Europe, ended Louis XIV's expansion, the Spanish possessions were partitioned, and Britain as the biggest winner | 14 | |
| 261436301 | Ottoman Empire | the Southeastern borders of Europe and surrounding the southern and eastern shores of the Med. Sea | 15 | |
| 261436302 | Holy Synod | consisted of several bishops, headed by a layman called the procurator general | 16 | |
| 261436303 | Table of Ranks | Intended to draw the nobility into state service *Equated a person's social position and privileges with his rank in the bureaucracy of the military, rather than with his lineage among the traditional landed nobility, many of whom continued to resent the changes peter had introduced into Russia | 17 | |
| 261436304 | St. Petersburg | The new capital city of Russia. *Built government structures and compelled the boyars to construct town houses. | 18 | |
| 261436305 | Great Northern War | Led a vigorous and often brilliant campaign defeating the Russians at the Battle of Narva. Peter defeated the swedes at Poltava in Ukraine | 19 | |
| 261436306 | Maria Theresa | Succeeds the Habsburg throne *The daughter of Charles VI, she was recognized as the rightful heir | 20 | |
| 261436307 | Boyars | The Russian Nobility *The Old Nobility | 21 | |
| 261436308 | Time of Troubles | A time that followed death of Ivan IV without heir early in 17th century; boyars attempted to use vacuum of power to reestablish their authority; ended with selection of Michael Romanov as tsar in 1613. *Moved from a program of sensible reform of law, government, and army towards violent personal tyranny. | 22 | |
| 261436309 | Peter the Great | 10 year old boy who ascended the fragile Russian throne as co-ruler with his half brother. *(1672-1725) Russian tsar (r. 1689-1725). He enthusiastically introduced Western languages and technologies to the Russian elite, moving the capital from Moscow to the new city of St. Petersburg. (p. 552) | 23 | |
| 261436310 | Streltsy | Guards of the Moscow garrison | 24 | |
| 261436311 | Frederick the Great | Upset the pragmatic sanction and invaded Silesia. *Crystallized the Austrian-Prussian rivalry for the control of Germany that would dominate central European affairs for over a century | 25 | |
| 261436312 | Frederick William | The Great Elector *The person who began to forge areas in the HRE (Duchy of Cleves, counties of Mark, Ravensburg, east Prussia, and Pomerania) | 26 | |
| 261436313 | Hohenzollern | Family that ruled Brandenburg since 1417 *Inherited the Duchy of Cleves, the Counties of Mark, and Ravensburg in 1648 | 27 | |
| 261436314 | Junkers | The noble land lords of Prussia | 28 | |
| 261436315 | Pragmatic Sanction | Charles VI devoted most of his reign to seeking approval of his family *The estates of his realms and the major foreign powers for a document called: | 29 | |
| 261436316 | King John III Sobieski | Lead Polish army to rescue Vienna from a Turkish siege * Poland became a byword for the dangers of aristocratic independence | 30 | |
| 261436317 | Edict of Nantes (Revocation) | Relations between the Catholics and the Protestants had remained hostile | 31 | |
| 261436318 | Jansenism | A Roman Catholic Religious movement *Arose in the 1630"s in opposition to the theology and the political influence of the Jesuits | 32 | |
| 261436319 | Jean-Baptiste Colbert | Most brilliant minister of Louis XIV most important accomplishment was developing merchant marines *Mercantilism, Export more than import, Monopolies, roads and canals, wealth based on gold and silver, favorable balance of trade, France: Self-Sufficient, high taxes (Tariffs), and increased emigration | 33 | |
| 261436320 | "L'etat C'rest moi" | "I am the State | 34 | |
| 261436321 | Bishop Bossuet | Advocated the "Divine right of kings" theory in France during the Reign of King Louis XIV. *He believed 'divine right' meant that the king was placed on the throne by God and therefore owned his authority to no man or group | 35 | |
| 261436322 | Versailles | Louis and his advisers became masters of Propaganda and political image creation *Central image of the Monarchy *A palace at Versailles became the grandest and most impressive palace in all of Europe *Cost to maintain 60% of all royal revenues royal court grew from about 600 to 10,000 | 36 | |
| 261436323 | Parlements | Regional judicial bodies | 37 | |
| 261436324 | Louis XIV | A french absolutist ruler, his reign was portrayed as a time when the French monarchy exerted far-reaching, direct control of the nation at all levels | 38 | |
| 261436325 | Fronde | A series of rebellions against royal authority in France between 1649 and 1652 | 39 | |
| 261436326 | Corvee | A French labor tax requiring peasants to work on roads, bridges, and canals for one month a year without pay | 40 | |
| 261436327 | Third Estate | -Bourgeoisie -Urban Workers (Factory Workers) *Peasants 96% of the population 1 Vote | 41 | |
| 261436328 | Second Estate | Nobles 3% of the population 1 Vote | 42 | |
| 261436329 | First Estate | Church 1% of the population and 1 Vote | 43 | |
| 261436330 | Cardinal Mazarin | Attempted to impose direct royal administration of France. Provoked a series of widespread rebellions among French nobles between 1649 and 1652 as the Fronde | 44 | |
| 261436331 | Robert Walpole | -Took over the helm of government -Maintained peace -Ascendancy from 1721 to 1442 was based on royal support, ability to handle the house of commons and his control of government patronage | 45 | |
| 261436332 | Act of Settlement | Provided for the English crown to go to the Protestant House of Hanover in Germany if Anne, the second daughter of James II and the Heir to the childless William III, died without issues | 46 | |
| 261436333 | Bill of Rights | Prohibited Roman Catholics from occupying the English Throne | 47 | |
| 261436334 | Glorious Revolution | When James II's wife had a son, parliament invited William of Orange to invade England because they wanted Mary succeed him, and then James fled to France proclaiming William III and Mary II the new monarchs; it was a bloodless battle | 48 | |
| 261436335 | James II | Immediately demanded the repeal of the Test Act, parliament balked and he discovered it and proceeded to appoint Catholics to high positions in both his court and the Army *Issued the Declaration of Indulgence suspending all religious tests and permitting free worship | 49 | |
| 261436336 | Whigs | Opposing members of Parliament made an unsuccessful effort to exclude James from succession to the throne | 50 | |
| 261436337 | Test Act | A declaration which no loyal Roman Catholic could honestly do. Was an attempt to unit England and Holland | 51 | |
| 261436338 | Clarendon Code | Excluded Roman Catholics Presbyterians and Independents from the official religious and political life of the nation | 52 | |
| 261436339 | James I | Son of Mary Queen of Scots, succeeded Elizabeth I. Inherited a large royal debt and separate church, he believed in Divine Rights and expected to rule with a minimum of consultation beyond his own royal court. | 53 | |
| 261436340 | Charles II | A man of considerable charm and political skill, he was a refreshing change to the throne, England returned to the Status Quo | 54 | |
| 261436341 | Oliver Cromwell | A country squire of iron discipline and strong independent religious sentiment | 55 | |
| 261436342 | Cavaliers | Kings supporters | 56 | |
| 261436343 | Long Parliament | (1640-1648) desperate for money after Scottish invasion of northern England-Charles finally agreed to demands by Parliament: Parliament could not be dissolved w/o its own consent; had to meet a min. of once every 3 years; ship money abolished; leaders of persecution of Puritans to be tried and executed; Star Chamber abolished; common law courts supreme to king's courts; refused funds to raise army to defeat Irish revolt-Puritans came to represent majority in Parliament | 57 | |
| 261436344 | Short Parliament | parliament called when the king was forced to call parliament because of the Scots' rebellion; was immediately disbanded because they refused to fund the king unless he addressed ther grievances | 58 | |
| 261436345 | William III of Orange | The Grandson of William the Silent and was the stadtholder of Holland. He rallied the Dutch and eventually led the entire European coalition against France. Answered the English Throne | 59 | |
| 261436346 | Archbishop William Laud | Charles I high-church Archbishop, he was against the opposition of both the English Puritans and the Presbyterian Scots, tried to impose in Scotland the English episcopal system and a prayer book almost identical the Anglican Book of Common Prayer | 60 |
