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| 7385536596 | protestant | a member or follower of any of the Western Christian churches that are separate from the Roman Catholic Church and follow the principles of the Reformation, including the Baptist, Presbyterian, and Lutheran churches. | 0 | |
| 7385536597 | Erasmus | (1469-1536) greatest humanist in northern Europe; Christian humanism; critic of scholasticism, monastic life. | 1 | |
| 7385536598 | indulgences | in Christian theology, the remission of part or all of the temporal punishment in purgatory due to sin; granted for charitable contributions and other good deeds—became regular practice in High Middle Ages—sparked Luther's reform. | 2 | |
| 7385536599 | 95 Thesis | (by Luther) protest against sale of indulgences—sparked the Reformation. | 3 | |
| 7385536600 | Transubstantiation | bread and wine flesh and blood. | 4 | |
| 7385536601 | Peasants' Revolt | 1381, uprising among the peasant and artisan classes in England. Marched on London, occupying city and executing unpopular ministers; after the death of leader, Wat Tyler, persuaded to disperse by Richard II. | 5 | |
| 7385536602 | Anabaptists | Protestant, didn't believe in infant baptism only adult—more aware/ own decision as adult. | 6 | |
| 7385536604 | Peace of Augsburg | legal recognition of Lutheranism in territories ruled by Lutheran leaders; Catholic territories stayed Catholic. | 7 | |
| 7385536605 | Cuis region eius religio | "Whose realm, whose religion." | 8 | |
| 7385536606 | Institutes of the Christian Religion | (by Calvin) philosophy of predestination: argues that grace was bestowed on few individuals, and rest were condemned to hell | 9 | |
| 7385536610 | Justification by faith alone | (Ulrich Zwingli) Doctrine of Martin Luther saying that only faith allowed someone to get into heaven; good works had nothing to do with salvation. | 10 | |
| 7385536612 | Zwingli | (1484-1531) Swiss reformer, influenced by Christian humanism; state to supervise church; justification by faith alone, emphasized scripture; no indulgence; denied all sacraments; killed in battle. | 11 | |
| 7385536614 | Edward VI | "boy-king" Henry VIII was father; institute genuine Protestant theology into church. | 12 | |
| 7385536615 | Mary | (r. 1553-1558) "Bloody Mary" daughter of Catherine of Aragon; married to Phillip II. Condemned Protestant beliefs burned hundreds as heretics (sister to Elizabeth) | 13 | |
| 7385536616 | Elizabeth | (r.1558-1603) "Virgin Queen" final religious settlement—church of England followed "middle-road" Protestant course. (sister to Mary) | 14 | |
| 7385536617 | Thomas More | (1466-1536) leading English humanist; promoter of new learning; author of Utopia. | 15 | |
| 7385536618 | Thomas Cromwell | (1485-1540) advisor of Henry VIII who was responsible for acquisition of land and financial overseer. | 16 | |
| 7385536619 | Council of Trent | (1545-1563) reforms to the Catholic Church and reestablished many church doctrines; dominated by papacy; limits on simony; forbade selling indulgence. 1 Traditional teachings of sacraments, 2 salvation from faith, 3 faith from Bible. | 17 | |
| 7385536620 | Luther | (1483-1546) German; near death experience became monk; unworthy of salvation. 95 Theses: horrified By Tetzel, Protest against sale of indulgences spark Reformation; you need faith alone. | 18 | |
| 7385536621 | Calvin | French; reformer of the Protestant Reformation who built upon Luther's ideas and created Calvinism; Institutes of Christian Religion. | 19 | |
| 7385536624 | Predestination | Doctrine of John Calvin: God determined who would be saved and who wouldn't; men had no influence over fate. Some have grace, all others condemned to hell. | 20 | |
| 7385536625 | Henry VIII | powerful English monarch, supported Catholic Church. Wife: Catherine of Aragon; Children: Edward VI, Mary, Elizabeth; Ann Boleyn: mistress. Criticized Luther with Defense of Seven Sacrament. Act of Supremacy. | 21 | |
| 7385536626 | Act of Supremacy | (1534) king is supreme Head of Church of England. | 22 | |
| 7385536627 | Anglican Church | (1534) the reformed church of England, retaining elements of Roman Catholic dogma. | 23 | |
| 7385536631 | Diet of Worms | (aka Edicts of Worms) meeting of German nobility; Charles V asked Luther to recant ideas. | 24 | |
| 7385536632 | Paul III | (1468-1549) Made great reform in the Catholic Church; established Council of Trent, appointed reform-minded cardinals and bishops, established the Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office, approved establishment of new religious orders, and passed many Tridentine decrees. | 25 | |
| 7385536634 | Society of Jesus | (Jesuits) Ignatius Loyola; if Bible didn't exist there was still the spirit; contrary to Luther's beliefs. | 26 | |
| 7385536638 | St. Teresa of Avila | Spanish mystic, Roman Catholic saint, Carmelite nun | 27 | |
| 7385536639 | Catholic Reformation | response/challenge to Protestant Reformation—"Counter-Reformation"; Council of Trent Thirty Years' War. | 28 | |
| 7385536640 | Cardinal Wolsey | (1475-1530) Cardinal, highest ranking church official, Lord Chancellor (England). Dismissed by Henry VIII not getting pope to annul marriage to Catherine of Aragon. | 29 | |
| 7385536642 | Charles V | (1519-1556) heir to Spanish, Habsburg and Burgundian lines; Holy Roman Emperor. | 30 | |
| 7385536644 | John Knox | (1513-1572) Dominated movement for reform in Scotland. Persuaded Parliament to end papal authority, abolished Mass, and established Presbyterian Church of Scotland. | 31 |
