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7553935226ReligionA system of beliefs and practices that attempts to order life in terms of culturally perceived ultimate priorities0
7553935227Religion manifests itself by:1. Worship 2. Prayer 3. Rituals1
7553935228Lesser ways it manifests itself1. Takes place through regular intervals 2. Birth,marraige, and death 3. Attainment of adulthood2
7553935229SecularismThe indifference to or rejection of religion3
7553935230Monotheistic religionSingle god4
7553935231Polytheistic religionMany gods5
7553935232Animistic religionsInanimate objects possess spirits Ex- african tribes6
7553935233HinduismOne of the oldest religions still practiced, polytheistic7
7553935234Hinduism typesVedas, brahmin, reincarnation, ultimate goal, karma, Dharma, Yoga8
7553935235DeitiesBrahma the creator Vishnu the preserver Siva/shiva the destroyer9
7553935236VedasCollection of hymns and ceremonies, make up oldest Hindu sacred text10
7553935237BrahminEarly hindus believed in an ultimate reality (god) called Brahman, the goal of all individuals11
7553935238ReincarnationThe idea that after death the individual soul is reborn in a different form12
7553935239Ultimate goalAfter many existences the soul may unite with Brahman, the goal of all individuals13
7553935240KarmaRefers to the idea that peoples actions determine tgeir form of rebirth and the class into which they are reborn14
7553935241DharmaRules karma, law requires all people to do theur duty, dutues vary with ones caste15
7553935242Yoga(Union) was developed as a practice or method of training/ excersize to achieve oneness with god16
7553935243BuddhismSiddhartha Gautama is known as the Buddha17
7553935244Story of "the Buddha"Siddhartha was a prince who lived a priveleged, sheltered life among great wealth then he became aware of his lifes sufferings (death, disease, and old age), he gave up his rich life to find the meaning ofblife and thebchre for human suffering and became an ascetic, he entered a period of intense meditation and one evening he reached enlightment18
7553935245AsceticPeople who practice self denial19
7553935246BuddhismDesire attachments to the physical cause suffering, giving up these attachments leads to wisdom or bodhi, achieving wisdom is a key step in achieveing nirvana20
7553935247Basic principles of BuddhismNirvana- ultimate Reality- oneness with God- ultimate peace21
7553935248The middle/ eightfold path EVIL SCAMEight steps 1. Right view 2. Right intention 3. Right speech 4. Right action 5. Right livelihood 6. Right effort 7. Right mindfulness 8. Right concentration22
7553935249SiddharthaAccepted the idea of reincarnation, but rejected the caste systen23
7553935250Differences between Hinduism and Buddhism-both Believe in reincarnation but Buddhism doesnt support the caste system -buddhism rejects the multitude of gods identified with hinduism and forbade his followers to worship him or his image -hinduism is a religion, but some regard Buddhism as a philosophy24
7553935251ShintoismJapan, focused on nature and ancestor worship25
7553935252TaoismLao- tsu worship Tao- te- ching -The oath of the way: finding balance and harmony within your life -Put yourself in a situation that is very non chaotic Ex: lighting -feng shui: surrounding yourself in a very relaxed balanced state that brings harmony to your life26
7553935253Confucianism-551 to 479 BCE -Confucian classics -Hierarchy and family structure -Male is head of family: make teach noral standard -kids payed respect and display morals taught to them by their parents -structured27
7553935254Universalizing ReligionTries to convert people Ex- islam, christianity, and buddhism28
7553935255EthnicPeople are born into it, do not seek converts, people are born into it Ex- Judaism29
7553935256Judaism-Teachings of Abraham -orthodox -reformed God- Abraham- 1. Judaism- Old testament 2. Christianity- new covenant 3. Islam- (ishmael- first muslim/ Hagar- went kn pilgrimage at location of the kaaba)- 1 faith 4. Moses- married a muslim30
7553935257OrthodoxOld school/ strict interpretation of what you worship- conservative- do nothing on saturdays with electronics and go nowhere31
7553935258ReformedNew contemporary32
7553935259Diffusion of JudaismDiaspora Zionism33
7553935260Diasporadiffusing of Jewish people/ religion throughout the work34
7553935261ZionismCall back to the holy land- Jerusalem35
7553935262Christianity-Teachings of Jesus -Split from Judaism -Church split let to Eastern Orthodox ans Roman Catholic church- middle man -protestant: can soeak directly to god, reformation challeneged fundamental Roman catholic teachings36
7553935263Martin Luther-christianity -German monk -very popular pastor, classrooms he taught at were booked out solid -nailed 95 thesis to door and tells people what the pope didnt want them to hear37
7553935264Diffusion of Christianity-European colonialism in the sixteenth century -33,000 denominations38
7553935265Religious fundamentalismEx- MLK Beliefs are nonnegotiable and uncompromising39
7553935266Religious ExtremismEx- Malcom X Fundamentalism carried to the point if violence40
7553935267Conflicts along religious bordersFight iver palestinian land between jews and muslims- interfaith Israel and Palestine- WW2, 1967 Arab- israeli war, west bank, Hamas- inter Nigeria- muslim north:m/ christian south- inter The former yugoslavia- balkan oeninsula seperates the Roman Catholic church and the Eastern orthodox church- intra Northern Ireland- catholics and protestants in the north- intra41
7553935268InterfaithBoundaries between the worlds major faith Ex: christian- muslim boundaries in Africa42
7553935269IntrafaithBoundaries within a single major faith Ex: christian protestants and catholics, muslim, sunni, and shi'ite43
7553935270Cremation in both Hinduism and Buddhism- Landscapes of ChristianityMedieval Europe Cathedral, church, ir monastery Burial more commonly practjcee44
7553935271Holy places and sites- HinduismTemples and shrines Holy animals, ritual bathing45
7553935272Holy places and sites- Buddhism-The Bodhi (enlightment) tree -Stupus: bekl shaoed structured tgat protect burial mounds -Pagoda46
7553935273indigenous-local in scope -reverance for nature -passed down through tribes -old school native american tribes - ex: Cherokee highschool47
7553935274Shamanism-Community faith -follow the oractices and teachings of the shaman -political leader: chief of tribe48
7553935275ShamanSpiritual leader, doctor, delivers babies and performs religious ceremonies, weddings, and funerals49
7553935276Indifference to or rejection of religious affiliations and ideas- varies greatly from country to country and within countries - anti religious ideologies can contribute to the decline of organized religions Church membership figures do not accurately reflect active participation50
7553935277Diffusion of Islam-Kings used armies to soread faith across arabian peninsula -later soread by trade, communication, and social media -1.57 billion followers worldwide, fastest growing religion -universalizing religion51
7553935278Islam-Number one religion practuce in UK is Islam -Most popular baby name in UK is Muhhamad52
7553935279Islam-Profit of Muhhamad -sacred text is the Qu'ran (Koran) -shi'ite and sunni -shia vs sunni muslims have been dubided since the death of Muhammad53
7553935280Sunni85% of muslims- elected elite54
7553935281Shia15% of muslims- bloodline, descendants of Muhammad55
75539352825 Pillars of Islam1. Shahadah- allah is god and Muhhamad is his profit 2. Salah- prayer 5x a day 3. Zakat- giving to charity 4. Hajj- pilgrimage to Makkah 5. Fasting- also known as sawm, dmfasting during the month of the Ramadan56
7553935283DisputeWho is going to be Imams; bloodline or elite57
7553935284ImamsMostly Sunni muslims; preachers; high rabking religous leaders; cardinals; leaders if religion58
7553935285Leader of Eastern Orthodox if still aliveJesus59
7553935286Opposite of Eastern OrthdoxRoman Catholic60
75560641514 noble truths1. Ordinary life is suffering 2. Suffering is caused by our desire to satisfy ourselves 3. The way to end suffering is to end desire for selfish goals and see others as extensions of ourselves 4. The way to end desire is to follow the 8 fold path61

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