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7905026996Digestive Tract- Long muscular tube extending from mouth to anus (approximately 30 ft) - Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine0
7905032660Accessory organs- Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas1
7905039721Mucosa-innermost layer - Epithelium; lamina propria; muscularis mucosa2
7905049449Muscularis externa- Inner circular layer; outer longitudinal layer3
7905055686Serosa (visceral peritoneum)- Areolar tissue; mesothelium4
7905066832AdventitaFibrous connective tissue layer found in parts of digestive tract that lack serosa5
7905076363MUCOSA Inner EpitheliumSimple columnar in most of digestive tract - Stratified squamous from mouth through esophagus, and in lower anal canal6
7905083071MUCOSA Lamina Proprialoose connective tissue layer7
7905089899MUCOSA Muscularis Mucosathin layer of smooth muscle - Tenses mucosa creating grooves and ridges that enhance surface area and contact with food - Improves efficiency of digestion and nutrient absorption8
7905101578Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT)Abundance of lymphocytes and lymphatic nodules located throughout the mucosa9
7905108893Submucosathicker layer of loose connective tissue - Contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, submucosal nerve plexus, and mucus-secreting glands10
7905118790Muscularis Externaproduces contractions to propel food and residue through the tract (motility)11
7905128099MUSCULARIS EXTERNA (2 levels of muscle)Inner circular layer: forms valves (sphincters) that regulate the passage of material through the tract • Outer longitudinal layer12
7905135776MUSCULARIS EXTERNA Myenteric nerve plexusbetween muscle layers13
7905150456Serosamembrane layer (visceral peritoneum) - Covers the lower esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver14
7905157083Adventitafibrous connective tissue layer - Covers parts of digestive tract where serosa is absent - Pharynx, most of the esophagus, and rectum15
7905168608Enteric Nervous System (ENS)present in esophagus, stomach, and intestines; regulates digestive tract motility, secretion, and blood flow16
7905181465ENS Networks of Neurons (2)- Submucosal (Meissner) plexus: - Myenteric (Auerbach) plexus17
7905193494Submucosal (Meissner) plexus- in submucosa; controls glandular secretion of mucosa and movements of muscularis mucosae18
7905199626Myenteric (Auerbach) plexus- parasympathetic ganglia and nerve fibers between layers of muscularis externa; controls peristalsis and other contractions19

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