Terms : Hide Images
| 12027623305 | Fascicle | is a bundle of skeletal muscle fibers surrounded by perimysium, a type of connective tissue. | 0 | |
| 12027623306 | Myofibril | any of the elongated contractile threads found in striated muscle cells. The myofibrils are made up of thick and thin myofilaments, which help give the muscle its striped appearance. | 1 | |
| 12027623307 | Myofilaments | filaments of myofibrils, constructed from proteins, principally myosin or actin | 2 | |
| 12027623308 | Actin | a protein that forms (together with myosin) the contractile filaments of muscle cells, and is also involved in motion in other types of cells | 3 | |
| 12027623309 | Sarcomere | a structural unit of a myofibril in striated muscle, consisting of a dark band and the nearer half of each adjacent pale band. | 4 | |
| 12027623310 | Myosin | A protein present in muscle fibers that aids in contraction and makes up the majority of muscle fiber. protein that converts chemical energy in the form of ATP | 5 | |
| 12027623311 | Tropomyosin | a protein involved in muscle contraction. It is related to myosin and occurs together with troponin in the thin filaments of muscle tissue. Prevents contraction . | 6 | |
| 12027623312 | hypertrophy | increase in muscle size | 7 | |
| 12027623313 | atrophy | (n.) the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline or failure; (v.) to waste away | 8 | |
| 12027623314 | Troponin | regulatory protein that binds to actin, tropomyosin, and calcium | 9 | |
| 12027623315 | muscle tone | the state of balanced muscle tension that makes normal posture, coordination, and movement possible | 10 | |
| 12027623316 | motor unit | a motor neuron and all the muscle cells it stimulates | 11 | |
| 12027623317 | ATP | (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work | 12 | |
| 12027623318 | sliding filament theory | theory that actin filaments slide toward each other during muscle contraction, while the myosin filaments are still | 13 | |
| 12027623319 | Fibrocartilage and location | cartilage that contains fibrous bundles of collagen, such as that of the intervertebral disks in the spinal cord. | 14 | |
| 12027623320 | membrane | thin layer of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divides a space or organ | 15 | |
| 12027623321 | smooth muscle | Involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the body | 16 | |
| 12027623322 | cardiac muscle | Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart. | 17 | |
| 12027623323 | skeletal muscle | striated and voluntary | 18 | |
| 12027623324 | Osteoblasts | Bone building cells | 19 | |
| 12027623325 | Osteoclasts | large cells that resorb or break down bone matrix | 20 | |
| 12027623326 | Osteocytes | a bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in the matrix it has secreted. Mature. | 21 | |
| 12027623327 | Perichondrium | Dense irregular connective tissue membrane covering cartilage | 22 | |
| 12027623328 | Lacunae | small spaces between the lamellae which contain osteocytes | 23 | |
| 12027623329 | Chondrocytes | mature cartilage cells | 24 | |
| 12027623398 | Blood | 25 | ||
| 12027623330 | bone | Dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton | 26 | |
| 12027623331 | elastic cartilage | cartilage with abundant elastic fibers; more flexible than hyaline cartilage | 27 | |
| 12027623332 | Adipose | fat tissue | 28 | |
| 12027623333 | reticular layer | Deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients | 29 | |
| 12027623334 | dense regular elastic tissue | Function: Allows recoil of tissue following stretching; maintains pulsatile flow of blood through arteries; aids passive recoil of lungs following respiration. Location: Walls of large arteries; within certain ligaments associated with the vertebral column; within the walls of the bronchial tubes. | 30 | |
| 12027623335 | Dense regular collagenous | Type of connective tissue that makes up tendons and ligaments | 31 | |
| 12027623336 | dense irregular tissue | irregularty arranged collaged fibers with few fibroblasts, withstands pulling in many directions | 32 | |
| 12027623399 | Areolar | 33 | ||
| 12027623400 | Cells house in connective tissue: | 34 | ||
| 12027623401 | transitional epithelium | 35 | ||
| 12027623337 | stratified columnar | Surface cells are columnar, cells underneath vary in size and shape.. protection and secretion | 36 | |
| 12027623338 | stratified cuboidal | Two layers of cuboidal cells | 37 | |
| 12027623339 | stratified squamous | lines the esophagus and forms the skin epidermis | 38 | |
| 12027623340 | pseudostratified columnar | Lines much of the respiratory tract | 39 | |
| 12027623341 | simple columnar | Single layer of tall cells | 40 | |
| 12027623342 | simple cuboidal | single layer of cube shaped cells | 41 | |
| 12027623343 | simple squamous | Forms thin serous membranes; a single layer of flattened cells | 42 | |
| 12027623344 | intercellular junctions | Intercellular junctions are strucutres between cells that allow neighboring cells to form strong connections with each other, prevent passage of materials, or establish rapid communication between adjacent cells. The three types of intercellular contact in animal cells are: desmosomes, gap junctions, and tight junctions. | 43 | |
| 12027623345 | hyaline cartilage | Most common type of cartilage; it is found on the ends of long bones, ribs, and nose | 44 | |
| 12027623346 | exocrine glands | secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of the body | 45 | |
| 12027623347 | endocrine glands | glands that secrete chemicals called hormones directly into the bloodstream | 46 | |
| 12027623348 | protein fibers | collagen, reticular, elastic | 47 | |
| 12027623349 | ground substance | fluid or semi-fluid portion of the matrix | 48 | |
| 12027623350 | extracellular matrix | The chemical substances located between connective tissue cells | 49 | |
| 12027623351 | Four types of tissue | epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous | 50 | |
| 12027623352 | DNA replication | DNA unzips into two parts and splits with the cell. In it's new home each side of the DNA strand attack to matching nucleotides to create 2 exact copies. It is important in puberty and other times of growth as it is the reproducing of your cells. | 51 | |
| 12027623353 | Translation | Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced | 52 | |
| 12027623354 | Transcription | synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template | 53 | |
| 12027623355 | Movement of Exocytosis | materials are exported out of the cell via secretory vesicles. | 54 | |
| 12027623356 | Movement and Phagocytosis | 1. move through capillary walls (emigration) 3. phagocytosis begins when phagocyte attaches to target (adhesions) and surrounds it with a vesicle for digestion | 55 | |
| 12027623357 | Movement in endocytosis | require the expenditure of energy (ATP). materials move into the cell. | 56 | |
| 12027623358 | primary active transport | active transport that moves ions or small molecules across a membrane and may create a difference in charge across that membrane | 57 | |
| 12027623359 | osmotic pressure | the pressure that would have to be applied to a pure solvent to prevent it from passing into a given solution by osmosis, often used to express the concentration of the solution. | 58 | |
| 12027623360 | Hypertonic | when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes | 59 | |
| 12027623361 | Hypotonic | Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution | 60 | |
| 12027623362 | Isotonic | when the concentration of two solutions is the same | 61 | |
| 12027623363 | Tonicity | The ability of a solution surrounding a cell to cause that cell to gain or lose water. | 62 | |
| 12027623364 | Osmosis | diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane | 63 | |
| 12027623365 | facilitated diffusion | process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels | 64 | |
| 12027623366 | simple diffusion | movement of a solute from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration | 65 | |
| 12027623367 | Flagella | A long, whip-like filament that helps in cell motility. Many bacteria are flagellated, and sperm are flagellated. | 66 | |
| 12027623368 | Microtubules | Spiral strands of protein molecules that form a tubelike structure | 67 | |
| 12027623369 | Cilia | The hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a wavelike manner | 68 | |
| 12027623370 | Microvilli | Fingerlike extensions of plasma membrane of apical epithelial cells, increase surface area, aid in absorbtion, exist on every moist epithelia, but most dense in small intestine and kidney | 69 | |
| 12027623371 | Centrioles | Located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division | 70 | |
| 12027623372 | actin filaments | protein fibers that play a role in movement of cell and organelles | 71 | |
| 12027623373 | Cytoskeleton | A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement | 72 | |
| 12027623374 | Lysosome | cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell | 73 | |
| 12027623375 | Smooth ER | That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes. | 74 | |
| 12027623376 | Rough ER | That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes. | 75 | |
| 12027623377 | Ribosomes | site of protein synthesis | 76 | |
| 12027623378 | Peroxisomes | Break down fatty acids and produce hydrogen peroxide | 77 | |
| 12027623379 | Mitochondria | Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production | 78 | |
| 12027623380 | selectively permeable | a property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot | 79 | |
| 12027623381 | Function of membrane proteins | -act as receptors -act as channels for ions and other materials to cross the membrane -signal across the membrane | 80 | |
| 12027623382 | Hydrophilic head | water loving | 81 | |
| 12027623383 | Hydrophobic | Water fearing | 82 | |
| 12027623384 | structure of cell membrane | lipid bilayer of phospholipids and proteins | 83 | |
| 12027623385 | Function of cell membrane | Controls what enters and exits the cell, protects and supports cell, and helps cells communicate with other cells | 84 | |
| 12027623386 | cellular differentiation | The process by which a cell becomes specialized in order to perform a specific function, as in the case of a liver cell, a blood cell, or a neuron. | 85 | |
| 12027623387 | nucleic acids | macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus | 86 | |
| 12027623388 | Monomers of nucleic acid | RNA nucleotide and DNA nucleotide | 87 | |
| 12027623389 | Monomers of protein | animo acids | 88 | |
| 12027623402 | Three functions of protein in body | 89 | ||
| 12027623390 | Polysaccharides | Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides | 90 | |
| 12027623391 | Disaccharide | A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis. | 91 | |
| 12027623392 | Monosaccharides | Single sugar molecules | 92 | |
| 12027623393 | Cholesterol | a fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body | 93 | |
| 12027623403 | Calcium | 94 | ||
| 12027623404 | Phosopholipids | 95 | ||
| 12027623405 | fatty acids | 96 | ||
| 12027623394 | Lipids | fats | 97 | |
| 12027623395 | Carbohydrates | Broken down to glucose to provide energy. | 98 | |
| 12027624244 | Organ and inorganic compounds | 99 | ||
| 12027624247 | Buffer | compound that prevents sharp, sudden changes in pH | 100 | |
| 12027624248 | pH scale | A range of values used to express the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution | 101 | |
| 12027624245 | A solution is neutral when | 102 | ||
| 12027624249 | Difference between acid and base | acid: any substance with a pH that is 0-7 base: any substance with a pH that is 7-14 | 103 | |
| 12027624250 | covalent bond | A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons | 104 | |
| 12027624251 | ionic bond | A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions. | 105 | |
| 12027623396 | Golgi apparatus | stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum | 106 |
