Terms : Hide Images
| 13991921972 | Mesopotamia | "land between the rivers"; between the Tigris and Euphrates. Settlement as early a 8000 bc. Civilizations include: sumerians, akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. | 0 | |
| 13991921973 | Sumerians | First major Mesopotamian civilization; religion, traditions, and writing system (cuneiform) set the back nine for future civilizations. | 1 | |
| 13991921974 | Code of Ur-Nammu | Possibly the world's most ancient law code, which proclaimed the king as a messenger of justice. Favored elite over poor class; harsh punishments | 2 | |
| 13991921975 | Code of Hammurabi | Babylonian legal code; consisted of harsh punishments for crimes and favored the elite class. Eye for an eye | 3 | |
| 13991921976 | 60 based number system | Mesopotamian number system. Still used today for time and navigational purposes | 4 | |
| 13991921977 | Mesopotamian trade with egypt | Conducted overland and over the Red Sea. Extended throughout the Middle East and to the Indus River valley | 5 | |
| 13991921978 | Mesopotamian-Indus trade | Along the Indian Ocean coast line; Mesopotamians exchanged wool, barley, and copper for gems and cotton | 6 | |
| 13991921979 | Hitties | Ruled Mesopotamia 1300s to 1200s bce; chariot warfare, first to systematically use iron weapons | 7 | |
| 13991921980 | Assyrians | 911-612 BCE; one of the largest early empires; iron weapons and horseback warfare; cruel | 8 | |
| 13991921981 | Old Kingdom Egypt | Basic social and political features, civil war tore Egypt apart (2700-2200 BCE) | 9 | |
| 13993445348 | Middle Kingdom Egypt | Culturally dynamic; 2050-1650 BCE; | 10 | |
| 13993445349 | New Kingdom Egypt | 1550-1070 BCE; Rameses II; conquered new territory in the Middle East and Africa, collapsed due to internal disorder | 11 | |
| 13993445350 | Ancient Egyptian government | Centralized society presided over by a monarch and a small caste of priests. The pharaoh was considered a living incarnation of God. | 12 | |
| 13993445351 | Egyptian-Nubian trade | Brought gold to Egypt and gave it access to ivory, ebony, and exotic animal skins. They raided Nubia for slaves, built forts to regulate commerce and conquered Nubia | 13 | |
| 13993445352 | Early Egyptian women | Still secondary to men, but managed household finances and education of children, they could divorce husbands and receive alimony, they could own property and manage some businesses. Upper class women could serve as priestess. | 14 | |
| 13993445353 | Egyptian Book of the Dead | Principal religious text of ancient egypt; they were polytheistic; chief God was Ra the sun God | 15 | |
| 13993445354 | Heiroglyphics | Developed around 3100 BCE; wrote on papyrus and devised a 365 day calendar | 16 | |
| 13993445355 | Indus River Valley Civilization | Rose around 2600 BCE; a lot remains unclear to scholars because not much was left behind; heavily urbanized, widespread agriculture due to fertile soil. Major cities were Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa. | 17 | |
| 13993445356 | Mesopotamian-Indus trade | Indus domesticated cattle and water buffalo, and grew wheat, barley, and cotton. They traded cotton and precious stones. | 18 |
