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| 12315829953 | James Garfield | (1881) Second president to ever be assassinated. He was assassinated 6 months after his inauguration. | 0 | |
| 12315829954 | Charles Guiteau | assassinated President James to make civil service reform a reality. He shot Garfield because he believed that the Republican Party had not fulfilled its promise to give him a government job. | 1 | |
| 12315829955 | Chester A. Arthur (1881-1885) | * 21st president of the U.S. * Republican * Key issue: Civil service reform * Signed the Pendleton Civil Service Act which paved the way for honest, more efficient government | 2 | |
| 12315829956 | Pendleton Act | 1883 law that created a Civil Service Commission and stated that federal employees could not be required to contribute to campaign funds nor be fired for political reasons | 3 | |
| 12315829957 | Grover Cleveland | 22nd and 24th president, Democrat, Honest and hardworking, fought corruption, vetoed hundreds of wasteful bills, achieved the Interstate Commerce Commission and civil service reform, violent suppression of strikes | 4 | |
| 12315829958 | Rep. Benjamin Harrison (1888) | 23rd President; Republican, poor leader, introduced the McKinley Tariff and increased federal spending to a billion dollars | 5 | |
| 12315829959 | Billion Dollar Congress | Republican congress of 1890. passed record # of significant laws that helped shape later policies and asserted authority of federal govt., gave pensions to Civil War veterans, increased government silver purchases, and passed McKinley Tariff Act of 1890 | 6 | |
| 12315829960 | McKinley Tariff of 1890 | raised tariffs to the highest level they had ever been. Big business favored these tariffs because they protected U.S. businesses from foreign competition. | 7 | |
| 12315829961 | Depression of 1893 | Profits dwindled, businesses went bankrupt and slid into debt. Caused loss of business confidence. 20% of the workforce unemployed. Let to the Pullman strike. | 8 | |
| 12315829962 | J. P. Morgan | Banker who buys out Carnegie Steel and renames it to U.S. Steel. Was a philanthropist in a way; he gave all the money needed for WWI and was payed back. Was one of the "Robber barons" | 9 | |
| 12315829963 | Wilson-Gorman Tariff | Meant to be a reduction of the McKinley Tariff, it would have created a graduated income tax, which was ruled unconstitutional. | 10 |
