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| 12422977864 | 30 years war | (1618-1648) This Bourbon vs. Habsburg War resulted from a conflict between the Protestant Union and the Catholic League in the Holy Roman Empire | 0 | |
| 12422977865 | Council of Trent | Called by Pope Paul III to reform the church and secure reconciliation with the Protestants. Lutherans and Calvinists did not attend. | 1 | |
| 12422977914 | 2 | |||
| 12422977866 | Counter-Reformation | the reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation reaffirming the veneration of saints and the authority of the Pope (to which Protestants objected) | 3 | |
| 12422977867 | Hapsburgs | Austrian rulers of the Holy Roman empire and the Netherlands | 4 | |
| 12422977868 | Ignatius of Loyola | Founder of the Jesuits | 5 | |
| 12422977869 | Index of Forbidden Books | Written by Pope Paul IV as part of the Counter-Reformation. It forbade Catholics from reading books considered "harmful" to faith and morals. This indicates the significance of the printing press in disseminating Reformation ideas. | 6 | |
| 12422977870 | Jesuits | Also known as the Society of Jesus; founded by Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556) as a teaching and missionary order to resist the spread of Protestantism. | 7 | |
| 12422977871 | Treaty of Westphalia | Ended Thirty Years War in 1648; granted right to individual rulers within the Holy Roman Empire to choose their own religion-either Protestant or Catholic | 8 | |
| 12422977872 | Which hunt | search | 9 | |
| 12422977873 | 95 Theses | It was nailed to a church door in Wittenberg, Germany in 1517 and is widely seen as being the catalyst that started the Protestant Reformation. It contained Luther's list of accusations against the Roman Catholic Church. | 10 | |
| 12422977874 | Anglicanism | A Protestant denomination of the Christian faith founded by Henry VIII in England | 11 | |
| 12422977875 | Calvinism | A body of religious teachings based on the ideas of the reformer John Calvin. | 12 | |
| 12422977876 | Cathedral of St. peter | They hired painters and sculptors to beautify churches and spent vast sums to rebuild the Cathedral of St. Peter in Rome | 13 | |
| 12422977877 | Indulgences and purgatory | Those who were not baptized but did not deserve hell (dead babies) or simply didn't deserve heaven either went here (Limbo). By giving money to the Catholic Church, you could get time off for dead relatives. This was one of Martin Luther's complaints, since it was kind of a scam. | 14 | |
| 12422977878 | John Calvin | 1509-1564. French theologian. Developed the Christian theology known as Calvinism. Attracted Protestant followers with his teachings. | 15 | |
| 12422977879 | King Henry VIII | Started the Anglican Church because he wasn't granted a divorce. Was excommunicated by the Pope. | 16 | |
| 12422977880 | Lutheranism | First Protestant faith | 17 | |
| 12422977881 | Martin Luther | a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Chruch. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices. | 18 | |
| 12422977882 | Pope Leo X | This was the pope that used the sale of indulgences to rebuild a basilica and he was also the pope who challenged Martin Luther | 19 | |
| 12422977883 | Predestination | Calvin's religious theory that God has already planned out a person's life. | 20 | |
| 12422977884 | Protestant Reformation | A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches. | 21 | |
| 12422977885 | salvation | acceptance into heaven | 22 | |
| 12422977886 | Johann Tetzel | The leading seller of Indulgences. Infuriated Luther. | 23 | |
| 12422977887 | alchemy | medieval chemistry | 24 | |
| 12422977888 | Francis Bacon | developed the scientific method | 25 | |
| 12422977889 | Robert Boyle | Father of modern chemistry | 26 | |
| 12422977890 | Tycho Brahe | Danish astronomer who collected data to prove that Copernicus was correct | 27 | |
| 12422977891 | Copernicus | Heliocentric theory | 28 | |
| 12422977892 | Heliocentric | sun-centered | 29 | |
| 12422977893 | Rene Descartes | 17th century French philosopher; wrote Discourse on Method; 1st principle "i think therefore i am"; believed mind and matter were completly seperate; known as father of modern rationalism | 30 | |
| 12422977894 | Galileo Galilei | Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars | 31 | |
| 12422977895 | Geocentric Model | Earth is the center of the Universe | 32 | |
| 12422977896 | Johannes Kepler | Created the laws of planetary motion | 33 | |
| 12422977897 | Lavoisier | law of conservation of mass | 34 | |
| 12422977898 | Leuwenhoek | First to observe living cells | 35 | |
| 12422977899 | Issac Newton | described the laws of motion and gravity | 36 | |
| 12422977900 | Ptolemy | Alexandrian astronomer who proposed a geocentric system of astronomy that was undisputed until Copernicus (2nd century AD) | 37 | |
| 12422977901 | refracting telescope | a telescope that uses a converging lens to collect light. | 38 | |
| 12422977902 | Andreas Vesalius | Father of Anatomy | 39 | |
| 12422977903 | American Revolution | This political revolution began with the Declaration of Independence in 1776 where American colonists sought to balance the power between government and the people and protect the rights of citizens in a democracy. | 40 | |
| 12422977904 | Baroque | overly decorated | 41 | |
| 12422977905 | Catherine the Great | Empress of Russia who greatly increased the territory of the empire (1729-1796) | 42 | |
| 12422977906 | Daniel Defoe | wrote Robinson Crusoe | 43 | |
| 12422977907 | Declaration of Independence | the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain | 44 | |
| 12422977908 | Diderot | encyclopedia | 45 | |
| 12422977909 | Enlightenment despots | Absolute rulers who used their power to bring about political and social change | 46 | |
| 12422977910 | enlightenment | a movement that emphasized science and reason as guides to help see the world more clearly | 47 | |
| 12422977911 | Fredrick 2 | King of Prussia | 48 | |
| 12422977912 | French Revolution | a rebellion of French people against their king in 1789 | 49 | |
| 12422974421 | John Locke | English philosopher who argued that people have natural rights | 50 | |
| 12422974422 | Mary Wollstonecraft | English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women | 51 | |
| 12422974423 | Natural Laws/Rights | certain rights belong to a human | 52 | |
| 12422974424 | Rococo | very highly ornamented | 53 | |
| 12422974425 | Rouseau | social contract | 54 | |
| 12422974426 | Social Contract | an implicit agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits | 55 | |
| 12422974427 | Voltaire | (1694-1778) French philosopher. He believed that freedom of speech was the best weapon against bad government. He also spoke out against the corruption of the French government, and the intolerance of the Catholic Church. | 56 |
