Terms : Hide Images
| 6786449539 | language | set of mutually intelligible sounds and symbols used for communication | 0 | |
| 6786449540 | standard language | language that is published, widely distributed, and taught | 1 | |
| 6786449541 | dialects | variant of a standard language along regional or ethnic lines | 2 | |
| 6786449542 | isogloss | geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs, rarely a simple line | 3 | |
| 6786449543 | mutual intelligibility | two people can understand each other when speaking | 4 | |
| 6786449544 | language families | subset of language, has a global scale, shared but fairly distant origin | 5 | |
| 6786449545 | dialect chains | contagious dialects in which near ones are closely related | 6 | |
| 6786449546 | subfamilies | divisions within a language family | 7 | |
| 6786449547 | sound shift | slight change in a word across languages within a subfamily | 8 | |
| 6786449548 | proto indo european | ancestral indo european language family | 9 | |
| 6786449549 | backward reconstruction | linguists reconnect or reconstruct dialects, languages backward toward their point of common origin. | 10 | |
| 6786449550 | extinct language | language without and native speakers | 11 | |
| 6786449551 | deep reconstruction | recreation of an extinct language | 12 | |
| 6786449552 | Nostratic | ancient ancestor of PIE language | 13 | |
| 6786449553 | language divergence | lack of spacial interaction between speakers breaks language into dialects and eventually different languages | 14 | |
| 6786449554 | language convergence | people with different languages have considerable interaction and two languages are collapsed into one | 15 | |
| 6786449555 | Renfrew Hypothesis | the hearth of PIE was Anatolia | 16 | |
| 6786449556 | conquest theory | speakers of early PIE began between the black and caspian seas and spread with the takeover of other peoples | 17 | |
| 6786449557 | dispersal hypothesis | Hypothesis which holds that the Indo-European languages that arose from Proto-Indo-European were first carried eastward into Southwest Asia, next around the Caspian Sea, and then across the Russian-Ukrainian plains and on into the Balkans | 18 | |
| 6786449558 | ecumene | habitual areas of the world where it's not too hot, cold, dry or wet | 19 | |
| 6786449559 | syntax commonalities, sound shifts | 2 tactics that help linguists achieve backward reconstruction | 20 | |
| 6786449560 | consonants become harder | what happens with sound as you go back in time | 21 | |
| 6786449561 | Romance languages | french, spanish, italian, romanian, portuguese, lie in areas once controlled by roman empire | 22 | |
| 6786449562 | germanic languages | english, german, danish, norwegian, swedish, expansion out of N europe | 23 | |
| 6786449563 | slavic languages | russian, polish, czech, slovak, ukrainian, slovenian, serbo-croation, bulgarian, slavic people migrated out of ukraine and spread | 24 | |
| 6786449564 | lingue franca | language used among speakers of different languages for the purpose of trade and commerce | 25 | |
| 6786449565 | pidgin language | people speaking 2+ languages are in contact with one another and they combine parts of their languages in a simplified structure and vocab | 26 | |
| 6786449566 | creole language | pidgin language that has developed a more complex structure | 27 | |
| 6786449567 | monolingual | only one language spoken | 28 | |
| 6786449568 | multilingual | more than one language in use | 29 | |
| 6786449569 | official language | adopted language of a country, means all gov business must be carried out in this language | 30 | |
| 6786449570 | global language | common language of trade and commerce used around the world | 31 | |
| 6786449571 | kurgan hearth | origin of PIE located between the black and caspian seas | 32 | |
| 6786449572 | the oldest version of the language are farthest form the hearth | what is the somewhat questionable proof of the kurgan hearth theory? | 33 | |
| 6786449573 | turkey and the fertile crescent | what two regions does Anatolia include? | 34 | |
| 6786449574 | agriculture, contagious | the renfrew hypothesis states that PIE spread from Anatolia along with ________ through ________ diffusion. | 35 | |
| 6786449575 | plant genetics | what is the proof of the renfrew hypothesis? | 36 | |
| 6786449576 | India | The oppenheimer hypothesis states what as the hearth of PIE? | 37 | |
| 6786449577 | place | uniqueness of a location, what people do and create, how they impart character, a certain imprint | 38 | |
| 6786449578 | toponyms | place names | 39 | |
| 6786449579 | human interaction | what leads to language change? | 40 | |
| 6786449580 | creates spaces where people are welcomed or not | How is language used as a "tool"? | 41 | |
| 6786449581 | prescriptive | a person who supports the language that is purposefully and formally taught and considered to be the most traditional and "correct" form is what kind of grammarian? | 42 | |
| 6786449582 | descriptive | a person who supports the language that is spoken by the people and accepts that it is an ever changing form and is not set in stone is what type of grammarian? | 43 | |
| 6786449583 | shibboleth | this term is originally from the Bible where a group of people used a password their enemies where physically unable to pronounce, also things someone cannot say properly | 44 | |
| 6786449584 | slang | "improper" often shorted versions of words | 45 | |
| 6786449585 | gatekeepers | prevent someone from carrying out a certain action, following a certain conversation, or being included in a certain group due to discrepancies in language | 46 | |
| 6786449586 | prescriptive grammer | the primary way of gatekeeping as it applies to language practiced by the upper class | 47 | |
| 6786449587 | slang | the primary way of gatekeeping as it applies to language practiced by the lower class | 48 | |
| 6786449588 | distinct and unique from adults | why/how do teens practice gatekeeping when language is concerned | 49 | |
| 6786449589 | white MIDDLE CLASS women | who are the primary mediators between the distinctive ends of the language gatekeeping spectrum | 50 |
