82 Supreme Court Cases
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| 6680065960 | Marbury v Madison (1803) | Established judicial review; Chief Justice John Marshall; established power of the Supreme Court | 0 | |
| 6680065961 | McCulloch v Maryland (1819) | Established national supremacy; established implied powers; use of elastic clause; state unable to tax federal institution; John Marshall; the power to tax involves the power to destroy | 1 | |
| 6680065962 | Dred Scott v Sandford (1857) | Dred Scott, a slave. is not a US citizen and cannot use the court system for any purpose. *legalized slavery* | 2 | |
| 6680065963 | Gibbons v Ogden (1824) | established a broad interpretation of the Commerce Clause; determined Congress' power encompassed virtually every form of commercial activity. The Commerce Clause has been the constitutional basis for much of Congress' regulation of the economy. | 3 | |
| 6680065964 | Reynolds v US (1878) | Polygamy is not protected by the "free exercise" clause because it violates traditional American values | 4 | |
| 6680065965 | Plessy v Ferguson (1896) | Established separate but equal doctrine. Gave Supreme Court approval to Jim Crow laws | 5 | |
| 6680065966 | Schenck v US (1919) | Oliver Wendell Holmes; clear and present danger test; shouting "fire" in a crowded theater; limits on speech, esp. in wartime | 6 | |
| 6680065967 | Gitlow v New York (1925) | Established precedent of federalizing Bill of Rights (applying them to the states); states cannot deny freedom of speech- protected through due process clause of the 14th Amendment *Began process of selective incorporation* | 7 | |
| 6680065968 | Near v Minnesota (1931) | Held that the 1st Amendment protects newspapers from prior restraint (censorship) | 8 | |
| 6680065971 | Korematsu v US (1944) | Upheld as constitutional the internment of Americans with Japanese descent during WWII | 9 | |
| 6680065973 | Brown v Board of Education (1954) | School segregation unconstitutional; segregation psychologically damaging to blacks; overturned separate but equal; use of 14th Amendment; judicial activism of Warren Court; unanimous decision | 10 | |
| 6680065974 | Mapp v Ohio (1961) | Established the exclusionary rule; illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court; Warren Court's judicial activism in criminal rights *selective incorporation* | 11 | |
| 6680065976 | Baker v Carr (1962) | "One man, one vote" Ordered state legislative districts to be as near equal as possible in population | 12 | |
| 6680065977 | Gideon v Wainwright (1963) | Ordered states to provide lawyers for those unable to afford them in criminal proceedings. Warren Court's judicial activism in criminal rights *selective incorporation* | 13 | |
| 6680065979 | NY Times V Sullivan (1964) | Held that statements about public figures are libelous only if made with actual malice and reckless disregard for the truth | 14 | |
| 6680065980 | Griswold v Connecticut (1965) | Established the right of privacy through 4th and 9th Amendments (birth control for married couples). Set a precedent for Roe v. Wade *selective incorporation* | 15 | |
| 6680065981 | Miranda v Arizona (1965) | Miranda raped a woman and admitted to it after not being informed of the right to not self-incriminate. Established Miranda warnings of counsel and silence. Must be given before questioning. Warren Court's judicial activism in criminal rights *selective incorporation* | 16 | |
| 6680065983 | Tinker v DesMoines (1969) | Symbolic speech is protected by 1st amendment. Tinker can continue to wear the "peace" armband at school. ***Selective incorporation*** | 17 | |
| 6680065984 | Lemon v Kurtzman (1971) | Established 3-part test to determine if establishment clause is violated: nonsecular purpose, advances/inhibits religion, excessive entanglement with government. | 18 | |
| 6680065985 | New York Times v. United States (1971) | The government attempted to stop the publication of the Pentagon Papers because it would harm the country. Court did not allow censorship because gov't did not show adequate risk to military. | 19 | |
| 6680065988 | Miller v California (1973) | Established that community standards be used in determining whether material is obscene in terms of appealing to "prurient interest," being "patently offensive," and lacking in value. | 20 | |
| 6680065989 | Roe v Wade (1973) | Established national abortion guidelines; protected women's right to an abortion based on trimester guidelines. Inferred from right of privacy established in Griswold v. Connecticut. ***Selective Incorporation*** | 21 | |
| 6680065990 | US v Nixon (1974) | Allowed for executive privilege, but not in criminal cases; Even the President is not above the law; Watergate. | 22 | |
| 6680065991 | Buckley v. Valeo (1976) | 1st Amendment protects campaign spending; legislatures can limit contributions, but not how much one spends of his own money on campaigns. The decision opened the door for PACs to spend unlimited amounts of money for campaigning activities so long as they're not directly coordinated with a particular campaign | 23 | |
| 6680065993 | Regents of the University of California v Bakke (1978) | Bakke & UC Davis Med School; declared strict quotas unconstitutional but states may allow race to be taken into account as one factor in admission decisions. No quotas. Bakke was admitted; affirmative action was limited | 24 | |
| 6680065996 | Texas v Johnson (1989) | Struck down a law banning the burning of the American flag on the grounds that such action was symbolic speech protected by the 1st Amendment. | 25 | |
| 6680065999 | Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992) | States can regulate abortion, but not with regulations that impose "undue burden: upon women; did not overturn Roe, but gave state more leeway in regulating abortion (e.g., 24-hour waiting period, parental consent for minors) | 26 | |
| 6680066003 | US v Lopez (1995) | Gun Free School Zones Act exceeded Congress' authority to regulate interstate commerce. The first case to begin reigning in Congress' authority under the Commerce Clause | 27 | |
| 6680066004 | United States v. Virginia (1996) | Virginia Military Institute must admit women because VMI is supported by tax dollars no comparable alternative exists. | 28 | |
| 6680066009 | Engle v. Vitale (1962) | Banned reading of prayer in school because it violates the "establishment of religion" clause of the First Amendment | 29 | |
| 6680066011 | Clinton v. NY (1998) | Banned presidential use of line item veto | 30 | |
| 6680066013 | Bush v Gore (2000) | Use of 14th Amendment's equal protection clause to stop the Florida recount in the 2000 election. | 31 | |
| 6680066021 | Citizens United v. FEC (2010) | Election Spending is Free Speech for people AND corporations are considered people | 32 |
