Chapter 5+6
Terms : Hide Images
| programs intended to make up for past discrimination by helping minority groups and women gain access to jobs and opportunities | ||
| the rights of people to be treated without unreasonable or unconstitutional differences | ||
| Classifications of people on the basis of their race or ethnicity. | ||
| a Supreme Court test to see if a law denies equal protection because it does not serve a compelling state interest and is not narrowly tailored to achieve that goal. | ||
| the doctrine established by Plessy v Ferguson (1896) that African Americans could constitutionally be kept in separate but equal facilities | ||
| racial segregation that is required by law | ||
| segregation (especially in schools) that happens in fact although not required by law | ||
| state power to enact laws promoting health, safety, and morals | ||
| making certain that people achieve the same result | ||
| Using race or sex to give preferential treatment to some people. | ||
| giving people an equal chance to succeed | ||
| denies the government the right, without due process, to deprive people of life, liberty, and property | ||
| a standard of equal treatment that must be observed by the government | ||
| court cases that apply Bill of Rights to states | ||
| right of people to speak, publish, and assemble | ||
| People shall be free to exercise their religion, and government may not establish a religion. | ||
| government censorship of information before it is published or broadcast | ||
| law should not punish speech unless there was a clear and present danger of producing harmful actions. | ||
| print slanderous statements against | ||
| an act that conveys a political message | ||
| First Amendment requirement that law cannot prevent free exercise of religion | ||
| first amendment ban on laws "respecting an establishment of religion", the First Amendment guarantee that the government will not create and support an official state church | ||
| court ruling that government cannot be involved with religion | ||
| improperly gathered evidence may not be introduced in a criminal trial | ||
| A judge's order authorizing a search | ||
| reasonable cause for issuing a search warrant or making an arrest; more than mere suspicion | ||
| 1833; court ruled that Bill of Rights only applied to the national government, not the states; created dual citizenship | ||
| Supreme court decides that any actions taken that present a "clear and present danger" to the public or government isn't allowed, this can limit free speech | ||
| the 1925 supreme court decision holding that freedoms of press and speech are "fundamental personal rights and liberties protected by the due process clause of the 14th amendment from impairment by the states" as well as by the federal government. | ||
| The Court ruled that the New Jersey law (allowing the state to pay for busing students to parochial shcools) was constitutional; the law benefited students rather than aided a religion directly. | ||
| Convicted for possesing obscene materials Evidence was inadmissable in court | ||
| Board of Regrents allowed prayer at the start of public school days Yes, violated the "establishment of religion" | ||
| Extends to the defendant the right of counsel in all state and federal criminal trials regardless of their ability to pay. | ||
| Supreme Court held that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to consult with an attorney and of their right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police. | ||
| Created a 3-part "Test." Laws which aid religion must 1) have a "secular purpose", 2) neither advance nor inhibit religion, 3) avoid "excessive government entanglement with religion." | ||
| Flag-burning is symbolic speech with a political purpose and is protected by 1st Amendment. | ||
| Accused of aiding terroist Improperly Filed | ||
| Right of Procedural Due Process: reversed the dismissal of a habeas corpus petition. Court recognized the power of the government to detain unlawful combatants, but U.S. citizen detainees have the ability to challenge their detention before an impartial judge. | ||
| 3 students protested the vietnam war by wearing black arm bands. School decided that if they didn't remove the bands, they would be suspended until after new years, which they were. Held that wearing black armbands by students in protest against the Vietnam War was a form of speech protected by the First Amendment | ||
| Robert Stanley was a suspected bookie and the police searched his house, found nothing on gambling, and just a reel of pornos and arrested him. The Supreme Court (Thurgood Marshall) said it was UNCONSTITUTIONAL because Marshall found absolute protection for the "right to receieve info and ideas." That protection forbids "state inquiry into the contents of a person's library. Goes against First Amendment cuz you can do whatever you want in your home. |
