Chapter 3 vocabulary for AP Government Wilson textbook
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| 638457106 | national interests | Governmental concerns considered to be primarily the responsibility of the central government. | |
| 638457110 | state's rights | Government concerns considered primarily the responsibility of the state governments | |
| 638457113 | sovereignty | Supreme or ultimate political authority | |
| 638457116 | unitary system | A system in which sovereignty is wholly in the hands of the national government | |
| 638457119 | confederation | A system in which the state governments are sovereign and the national government may do only what the states permit | |
| 638457122 | federal system | A system in which sovereignty is shared between the national and the state governments | |
| 638457126 | federal republic | The Founders' term for a federation | |
| 638457131 | tenth amendment | The clause that stipulates that powers not delegated to the United States are reserved to the states or to the people | |
| 638457135 | McCulloch v Maryland | A Supreme Court decision embodying the principle of implied powers of the national government | |
| 638457137 | necessary and proper clause | The phrase used by the Supreme Court to create the category of implied powers of the national government | |
| 638457141 | nullification | A doctrine espoused by Calhoun that states could hold certain national policies invalid within their boundaries | |
| 638457167 | dual federalism | The doctrine that both state and national governments are supreme in their respective spheres | |
| 638457174 | grants in aid | Federal funds provided to states and localities | |
| 638457179 | land grant colleges | State educational institutions build with the benefit of federally donated lands | |
| 638457186 | Model Cities | A program proposed in the 1960s to give federal funds to a small number of large cities with acute problems | |
| 638457190 | categorical grant | A federal grant for a specific purpose, often with accompanying conditions | |
| 638457193 | block grants | A federal grant that could be used for a variety of purposes, usually with few accompanying restrictions | |
| 638457196 | intrastate commerce | Business that is conducted entirely within one state | |
| 638457198 | mandates | Federal rules that states must follow, whether or not they receive federal grants or not | |
| 638457205 | conditions of aid | Federal rules that states must follow if they choose to receive the federal grants with which the rules are associated | |
| 638457208 | intergovernmental lobby | An interest group made up of mayors, governors, and other state and local officials who depend on federal funds | |
| 638457210 | James Madison | The Federalist author who said both state and federal governments "are in fact but different agents and trustees of the people constituted with different powers" | |
| 638457212 | interstate commerce | Business that is conducted in more than one state | |
| 638457214 | AFDC | Program to distribute welfare benefits that was formerly federally funded then devolved to the states in 1996 | |
| 638457216 | Medicaid | Federally funded medical care for the poor | |
| 638457218 | devolution | An effort to shift responsibility for a wide range of domestic programs from Washington to the states | |
| 638457221 | police powers | Those state laws and regulations not otherwise unconstitutional, that promote health, safety, and morals | |
| 638457224 | recall | A procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office | |
| 638457226 | referendum | A procedure that enables voters to reject a measure adopted by the legislature | |
| 638457229 | initiative | A procedure that allows voters to place legislative measures (and sometimes constitutional amendments) directly on the ballot by getting a specified proportion of voter signatures on a petition | |
| 638457231 | second order devolution | Refers to a flow of power and responsibility from the states to local governments | |
| 638457233 | revenue sharing | a federal grant that requires no matching funds and provides freedom in how to spend it | |
| 638457236 | third order devolution | Refers to the increased role of nonprofit organizations and private groups in policy implementation |
