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AP Government Chapter 6 Flashcards

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4755750197Public OpinionThe distribution of the population's beliefs about politics and policy issues.0
4755750198DemographyThe science of population changes.1
4755751055CensusAn actual enumeration of the population, which the Constitution requires that the government conduct every 10 years. The census is a valuable tool for understanding demographic changes.2
4755753608Melting PotA term often used to characterize the United States, with its history of immigration and mixing of cultures, ideas, and peoples.3
4755753905Minority MajorityThe situation, likely beginning in the mid-twenty-first century, in which the non-Hispanic whites will represent a minority of the U.S. population and minority groups together will represent a majority.4
4755755252Political CultureAn overall set of values widely shared within a society.5
4755755253ReapportionmentThe process of reallocating seats in the House of Representatives every 10 years on the basis of the results of the census.6
4755755700Political SocializationThe process through which individuals in a society acquire political attitudes, views, and knowledge, based on inputs from family, schools, the media, and others.7
4755756506SampleA relatively small proportion of people who are chosen in a survey so as to be representative of the whole.8
4755756507Random SamplingThe key technique employed by survey researches, which operates on the principle that everyone should have an equal probability of being selected for the sample.9
4755757327Sampling ErrorThe level of confidence in the findings of a public opinion poll. The more people interviewed, the more confident one can be of the results.10
4755757996Random-digit dialingA technique used by pollsters to place telephone calls randomly to both listed and unlisted numbers when conducting a survey.11
4755757997Exit PollPublic Opinion surveys used by major media pollsters to predict electoral winners with speed and precision.12
4755757998Political IdeologyA coherent set of beliefs about politics, public policy, and public purpose, which helps give meaning to political events.13
4755758412LiberalismA political ideology that prefers a government active in dealing with human needs, support individual rights and liberties, and give higher priority to social needs than to military needs. Opp. of Conservatism.14
4755759085ConservatismPolitical ideology that fears a growth of government, deplore government drag on private sector initiatives, dislike permissiveness in society, and play priority on military over social needs. Opp. of Liberalism.15
4755759687Gender GapThe regular pattern in which women are more likely to support Democratic candidates, in part because they tend to be less conservative than men and more likely to support spending on social services and to oppose higher levels of military spending.16
4755759688Political ParticipationAll the activities used by citizens to influence the selection of political leaders or the policies they pursue. The most common means of political participation in a democracy is voting; other means include protest and civil disobedience.17
4755761129ProtestA form of political participation designed to achieve policy change through dramatic and unconventional tactics.18
4755761130Civil DisobedienceA form of political participation based on a conscious decision to break a law believed to be unjust and to suffer the consequences.19
4755761131Political EfficacyThe belief that ordinary people can influence the government.20
4755761132LibertarianPerson who believes the government should be as small and interfere with people's life as little as possible.21
4755761133Quota SamplingOpposite to random sampling. It is when you take a certain group of people before you random sample. First, get the random sample, then you will group them into sub sets with quota sample. Certain groups here and there for the poll.22
4755761134Push PollsAn ostensible opinion poll in which the true objective is to sway voters using loaded or manipulative questions.23
4755762169Bandwagon EffectAn effect in which voters may support a candidate only because they see that others are doing so.24
4755762170Skewed Questiona question phrased in such a way that a certain answer is more likely to be given.25
4755763166Context Effectaspects of psychology that deal with perception, or how the human mind views an object or event.26
4755763563Question FramingCertain way of framing the question for polls and surveys. Different ways of framing to get different, bias results. It is a subset of skewed question, it is a type of skewed question.27

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