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| 6432388908 | purposes of policy making | solving social problems countering threats pursuing an objective | 0 | |
| 6432388909 | issue-attention cycle | cycle of what the public is interested in; requires policy makers to act quickly before the public becomes bored and loses interest | 1 | |
| 6432388910 | incrementalism | the slow, step-by-step approach to making policy used by legislators | 2 | |
| 6432388911 | agenda setting | identifies the social and economic problems, redefines them into political issues, and ranks them in order of imp0rtance | 3 | |
| 6432388912 | ways policy can be formed/adopted | legislative process (most difficult), executive process (easiest), and Supreme Court through precedent-setting | 4 | |
| 6432388913 | policy implementation | puts policy into effect by enforcement through the appropriate government agency | 5 | |
| 6432388914 | policy evaluation | final step in which it is evaluated if the policy works, has problems, or has modifications to make it work better | 6 | |
| 6432388915 | policy fragmentation | where many pieces of legislation deal with parts of policy problems but not the entire problem; ex. war on drugs | 7 | |
| 6432388917 | laissez-faire | belief that government should never become involved in economic issues; believe that free markets are governed by the laws of nature and government shouldn't interfere; disappeared in Great Depression | 8 | |
| 6432388918 | Keynesian economics | holds that the government can smooth out business cycles by influencing the amount of income individuals and businesses can spend on goods and services; created by John Maynard Keynes | 9 | |
| 6432388919 | fiscal policy | involves the budget; government action of lowering or raising taxes, resulting in more or less consumer spending or enacting of government spending programs | 10 | |
| 6432388922 | deficit spending | funds raised by borrowing rather than taxation | 11 | |
| 6432388923 | supply-side economics | argue that government should cut taxes and spending on domestic programs to stimulate greater production | 12 | |
| 6432388924 | monetary policy | process by which the government controls the supply of money in circulation and the supply of credit | 13 | |
| 6432388925 | Federal Reserve Board | can increase the money in circulation by lowering interest rates | 14 | |
| 6432388927 | reserve requirement | the amount of money banks are required to keep on hand; raising it shrinks the amount of money available for borrowing which raises interest rates-and vice versa | 15 | |
| 6432388928 | discount rate | interest banks pay to the Federal Reserve Banks for borrowing money; lowering it will lower the interest rates for loans | 16 | |
| 6432388934 | House Ways and Means Committee | deals with the taxing aspect of the budget | 17 | |
| 6432388935 | Authorization committees | decide what programs Congress wants to fund | 18 | |
| 6432388936 | Appropriations committees | decide how much money to spend on programs that have been authorized | 19 | |
| 6432388937 | 3 committees the budget goes to | House ways and means Authorization committee appropriations committee | 20 | |
| 6432388938 | Budget Reform Act 1974 | created the Congressional Budget office | 21 | |
| 6432388939 | mandatory spending | programs that are required by law to be funded such as Social Security, Medicare, and payments on the national debt | 22 | |
| 6432388940 | discretionary spending | not required by law and are often targets for cuts when balancing the budget; includes defense, education, highways, and research grants | 23 | |
| 6432388945 | North American Free Trade Agreement | created to promote free trade between U.S., Canada, and Mexico; removed import tariffs from one another's products; led to cheaper labor in Mexico and increase in trade | 24 | |
| 6432388946 | liberal beliefs on domestic policy | government has an obligation to provide social welfare, to help the needy | 25 | |
| 6432388947 | conservative belief on domestic policy | believe that social welfare programs are encroachments on individual responsibilities and liberties; that they create a permanent class of dependent upon government handouts class | 26 | |
| 6432388948 | moderate beliefs of domestic policy | believe government should provide opportunities and limited help during difficult times | 27 | |
| 6432388949 | social insurance programs | insurance programs that people pay into with taxes; benefits are considered to be earned since individuals pay into these programs | 28 | |
| 6432388950 | public assistance programs | not seen as earned; result of condition and a government responsibility to help the needy | 29 | |
| 6432388951 | COLA | cost of living adjustment | 30 | |
| 6432388952 | medicare | provides government assistance to people older than 65 for health care | 31 | |
| 6432388953 | medicaid | provides medical and health-related services for low-income parents, children, seniors, and the disabled | 32 | |
| 6432388954 | supplemental assistance programs | help the disabled and the aged who are living at or near the poverty level | 33 | |
| 6432388955 | welfare reform act | passed in 1996 to reduce the number of people living on public assistance; welfare programs are funded by state and fed. govt.s | 34 |
