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AP History First Test Flashcards

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88333843Samarkandwhere the Mughal Empire was located0
88333844Han Wudi'martial emperor', started a university that taught Confucianism (insured its long term survival)1
88333845HarrapansFirst civilization of Indian Subcontinent, Origin is Indus River Valley, Around 2000 BCE2
88333846CelticsIndo-European peoples that largely dominated northern Europe, particularly in modern-day France and Great Britain3
88333847Xiongnunomads who terrorized the border and were defeated by Wudi. Lived in the steppes or grasslands north of China. Were the biggest threat to security.4
88333848Brahmanin India, were priests, top of the caste system5
88333849AnalectsCollection of the ideas and teachings of Confucius6
88333850Mandate of Heavena political theory of ancient China in which those in power were given the right to rule from a divine source7
88333851Siddhartha Gautamafounder of Buddism; born a prince; left his father's wealth to find the cause of human suffering; also know as Buddha8
88333852Sargon of AkkadA conqueror from Akkad, north of Sumer, who took over all of Mesopotamia and created the world's first empire.9
88333853Quanatsa gently sloping underground channel or tunnel constructed to lead water from the interior of a hill to a village below10
88333854Royal Roadin Persian empire, encouraged trade which helped the Persian economy11
88333855Menesking of upper egypt united the two kingdoms of upper and lower egypt12
88333856Linear Aan undeciphered writing system used in Crete in the 17th century B.C.13
88333857TribunesAn officer of ancient Rome elected by the plebeians to protect their rights from arbitrary acts of the patrician magistrates.14
88333858UpanishadsA group of writings sacred in Hinduism concerning the relations of humans, God, and the universe.15
88333859Paleolithicsecond part of the Stone Age beginning about 750,00 to 500,000 years BC and lasting until the end of the last ice age about 8,500 years BC, Old Stone Age16
88333860Neolithiclatest part of the Stone Age beginning about 10,000 BC in the middle east (but later elsewhere), New Stone Age17
88333861Zhou Dynastythe imperial dynasty of China from 1122 to 221 BC; notable for the rise of Confucianism and Taoism, displaced Shang Dynasty; alliances with regional princes and families (feudal system); overtook Yangtze River Valley (Middle Kingdom); invoked the "Mandate of Heaven"; Mandarin Chinese language; Confucious (philosopher)18
88333862Ptolemyan ancient dynasty of Macedonian kings who ruled Egypt from 323 BC to 30 BC19
88333863taoismyin/yang; harmony with nature, people who accept the world as they find it, avoiding useless struggles and adhering to the "path" of nature, popular Chinese philosophical system based in teachings of Lao-tzu but characterized by a pantheism of many gods and the practices of alchemy and divination and magic20
88333864KhamaAfrican chief who ruled in righteousness for 50 years, became a Christian21
88333865Shang DynastySecond Chinese dynasty (about 1750-1122 B.C.) which was mostly a farming society ruled by an aristocracy mostly concerned with war. They're best remembered for their art of bronze casting22
88333866Helota peasant forced to stay on the land they worked23
88333867Complex Societysociety that has an organized government, taxes, and laws24
88333868476 C.E.Fall of Rome25
88333869Aryansnomads from Europe and Asia who migrated to India and finally settled; vedas from this time suggest beginning of caste system26
88333870Hieroglyphicsan ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds27
88333871Ancestor VenerationAncestors are highly revered and sometimes even feared, They are considered to have become sacred beings who have the ability to help or harm the living, Well-maintained altars/gravesites and specific rituals serve the purpose of honoring and appeasing the dead28
88333872Paterfamiliasthe eldest male who ruled the house,29
88333873PericlesAthenian leader noted for advancing democracy in Athens and for ordering the construction of the Parthenon, Aristocratic leader who guided the Athenian state through the transformation to full participatory democracy for all male citizens30
88333874ZoroastrianismPersian religion founded by Zoroaster; taught that humans had the freedom to choose between right and wrong, and that goodness would triumph in the end31
88333875Xia DynastyThis was the earliest known dynasty. There is no written evidence of this early time period, but artifacts have been found. The people of this time were farmers and made pottery.32
88333876Oracle Bonesanimal bones carved with written characters which were used for telling the future33
88333877Semitica group of languages in a common region consisting of Hebrew, Aramaic, Phoenician, and Arabic34

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