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AP HUG: Unit 5 Language Flashcards

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8214933884AccentA distinctive mode of pronunciation of a language, especially one associated with a particular nation, locality, or social class0
8214933885DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group1
8214933886EsperantoAn artificial language devised in 1887 as an international medium of communication, based on roots from the chief European languages2
8214933887Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use3
8214933888IdeogramA written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it, Example: 6 (six)4
8214933889IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs5
8214933890Isolated LanguageA natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language6
8214933891Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family7
8214933892LanguageThe method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way8
8214933893Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary9
8214933894Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history10
8214933895Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia11
8214933896Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese12
8214933897Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages13
8214933898Literary TraditionA Language that is written as well as spoken14
8214933899MonolingualThe condition of being able to speak only a single language15
8214933900BilingualThe ability to speak two languages16
8214933901MultilingualThe ability to speak multiple languages17
8214933902Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents18
8214933903OrthographyThe conventional spelling system of a language19
8214933904Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages20
8214933905Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications21
8214933906ToponymA place name or a word derived from the name of a place22
8214933907Trade LanguageA language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commercial trade23
8214933908VernacularUsing a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language. It is usually the language of the common people24
8214933909Creole LanguageA language that results from the mixing of a colonizer's language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated25
8214933910DenglishThe term is used in all German-speaking countries to refer to the increasingly strong influx of macaronic (slang) English or pseudo-English vocabulary into German26
8214933911FranglaisA form of French using many words and idioms borrowed from English27
8214933912EbonicsAmerican black English regarded as a language in its own right rather than as a dialect of standard English28
8214933913SpanglishA hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions29
8214936646Institutional LanguageA language used in education, work, mass media, and government with literary tradition30
8214967026Developing LanguageA language spoken in daily use with a literary tradition that is not widely distributed31
8214977242Vigorous LanguageA language that is spoken in daily use but that lacks a literary tradition32
8214985568Vulgar LatinA form of Latin used in daily conversation by ancient Romans, as opposed to the standard dialect, which was used for official documents33
8214996397LogogramsA symbol that represents a word rather than a sound34
8215001311SubdialectA subdivision of a dialect35
8215004749Received Pronunciation (RP)The dialect of English associated with upper-class Britons living in London and now considered standard in the United Kingdom36
8215031756AcculturationThe process of changes in culture that result from the meeting of two groups, each of which retains distinct culture features37
8215036006AssimilationThe process by which a group's cultural features are altered to resemble those of another more dominant culture38
8215044771GullahAlso called Geechee is a creole language spoken on islands off South Carolina's and Georgia's coasts39
8383484429PolyglotA speaker of many languages40
8383484430Centripetal ForceA language that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state41
8383491145Centrifugal ForceA language that divides people and countries42

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